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Scribes in Ur reed marks into wet clay to record how many jars of barley each farmer delivered. Which invention is this?
the stele, for posting laws
cuneiform, for keeping records
the alphabet, for writing poems
base-60 math, for measuring circles
A city has extra food, some people become priests instead of farmers. Which step in the farm→city chain is this?
population grows
surplus
specialization
irrigation
Priests store grain and hand it out, and the ziggurat stands in the center. Which institutions does the ziggurat belong
political and religion
political and social
economy and social
religion and economy
Sargon of Akkad conquered Ur, Uruk, Kish, and Lagash and ruled them all from one capital. How is mesopotamia ruled now?
each city kept its own king
the cities stopped fighting over water
many city-states came under one ruler — an empire
the temple took over from the kings
Hammurabi’s laws were carved into a stone stele and set up where everyone could see them. Which idea is this?
everyone is equal before the law
judges can change the punishment
the law is written and public
laws come from the people
Law 196 says an eye for an eye, but Law 198 says a noble only pays silver. Which part of rule of law is MISSING here?
everyone is treated equally
punishments are set ahead of time
witnesses decide the case
laws are written down
Mesopotamia’s floods came without warning. Based on your notes, how did this shape religion?
people saw the gods as unpredictable and tried to please them
people believed the king controlled the rain
people stopped building temples
people worshipped one calm god
We can still read the Epic of Gilgamesh today. Which ruler’s project is the main reason?
Nebuchadnezzar’s walls
Sargon’s army
Ashurbanipal’s library at Nineveh
Hammurabi’s stele
