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What is a scientific claim?
A statement or conclusion that can be tested using evidence.
What is the first step when testing a claim?
Ask a question or form a hypothesis.
Why do scientists repeat experiments?
To improve reliability and check consistency.
What is a controlled variable?
A variable kept the same to ensure a fair test.
Why is a fair test important?
To ensure results are valid and only one variable is changed.
What is a placebo?
A fake treatment used as a comparison in experiments.
Why are control groups used?
To compare results and identify the effect of the independent variable.
What does reliability mean in an experiment?
The consistency of results when repeated.
What does validity mean?
How well the experiment measures what it is supposed to.
Why is sample size important?
Larger samples give more reliable and accurate results.
Name one economic factor that can influence research.
Funding or cost of research.
How can funding create bias?
Researchers may favour results that benefit the sponsor.
What is a conflict of interest?
When personal or financial interests affect objectivity.
How can media affect public understanding of science?
By exaggerating or simplifying results.
Why might companies exaggerate results?
To increase profits or attract customers.
What is publication bias?
When only positive results are published.
