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Fuels, chemicals, building materials, or electric power or heat produced from biological material(s)
Biobased products
Synonymous with variety; the international equivalent of variety
Cultivar
The twisted-ladder shape that two linear strands of DNA assume when complementary nucleotides on opposing strands bond together
Double helix
Organism whose cells have (1) chromosomes with nucleosomal structure and separated from the cytoplasm by a two-membrane nuclear envelope, and (2) compartmentalization of functions in distinct cytoplasmic organelles
Eukaryote
A device invented at Cornell University that allows genetic material to be introduced into a new organism
Gene gun
The isolation of a gene from one organism and then the introduction of that gene into another organism using techniques of biotechnology
Gene splicing
An outgrowth of the ovary of a seed plant that encloses an embryo
Ovule
The cells that carry the male DNA of a seed plant
Pollen
The process by which progeny derive a combination of genes different from that of either parent
Recombination
Containing genes altered by insertion of DNA from an unrelated organism
Transgenic
A noncellular biological entity that can reproduce only within a host cell.
Virus
A set of biological techniques developed through basic research and now applied to research and product development
Biotechnology
The self-replicating genetic structure of cells containing the cellular DNA
Chromosomes
Organism whose cells have (1) chromosomes with nucleosomal structure and separated from the cytoplasm by a two-membrane nuclear envelope, and (2) compartmentalization of functions in distinct cytoplasmic organelles
Eukaryote
The exchange of genetic traits between populations by movement of individuals, gametes or spores
Gene flow
The study of the patterns of inheritance of specific traits
Genetics
