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What is a qualitative observation?
An observation that describes qualities using words, not numbers.
What is a quantitative observation?
An observation that involves measurements or numbers.
Is “the solution turned blue” qualitative or quantitative?
Qualitative.
Is “the temperature increased by 5°C” qualitative or quantitative?
Quantitative.
What is an observation in science?
Information gathered directly using the senses or measuring tools.
What is an inference?
A conclusion or explanation based on observations.
Observation or inference: “The metal feels hot.”
Observation.
Observation or inference: “The metal is hot because it was heated.”
Inference.
Why is it important to separate observations from inferences?
To reduce bias and ensure scientific accuracy.
Name one way scientists record observations.
Tables, graphs, diagrams, photographs, or written descriptions.
Why should data be recorded clearly and accurately?
So results can be analysed, repeated, and verified.
What type of graph is best for showing changes over time?
Line graph.
Why are units important when recording data?
They ensure measurements are clear and comparable.
How did early scientists rely on observation before modern technology?
By using senses and simple tools to record patterns and changes.
Name one historical scientific observation that changed understanding of the world.
Examples: Galileo’s observations of planets, Darwin’s observations of species.
Why were observations critical to the development of scientific theories?
They provided evidence to support or challenge ideas.
