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All enzyme-catalyzed aminotransferase reactions remove amino groups from amino acids, producing what byproduct that is important during metabolic stress?
a hydride and a H+
fumarate
An alpha keto acid
one of the ketone body molecules
Amino acids are not stored in appreciable concentrations. However, what amino acid would be found in significant concentration in the blood of basketball players after a long and intense workout in a gym?
Alanine
Glutamine
Proline
Cysteine
Two nitrogen-containing groups are used to make urea in liver cells. What two molecules of the urea cycle contribute to those two groups ?
Ala and Glu
Carbamoyl phosphate and Glu
Glu and Gln
Carbamoyl phosphate and Asp
The urea cycle itself requires two different cellular compartments. What other pathway also requires two cellular compartments?
Gluconeogenesis
glyoxylate
pentose phosphate, oxidative phase
Beta-oxidation
What molecule that is produced in the cytosol by the urea cycle can be used by the citric acid cycle but cannot pass the inner mitochondrial membrane?
NAD+
Malate
Ornithine
Fumarate
Amino acid oxidation requires cofactors that can serve as a one-carbon source for amino acid and nucleotide synthesis. Which molecule does NOT function as a one-carbon transfer molecule?
S-Adenosylmethionine
pyridoxal phosphate
biotin
Tetrahydrofolate
Which molecule is produced by oxidation of most amino acids, leading to potential carbon loss by organisms that cannot fix carbon?
Bicarbonate
Methane
Carbon Dioxide
Glycine
