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All enzyme-catalyzed aminotransferase reactions remove amino groups from amino acids, producing what byproduct that is important during metabolic stress?
fumarate
a hydride and a H+
one of the ketone body molecules
An alpha keto acid
Amino acids are not stored in appreciable concentrations. However, what amino acid would be found in significant concentration in the blood of basketball players after a long and intense workout in a gym?
Alanine
Cysteine
Glutamine
Proline
Two nitrogen-containing groups are used to make urea in liver cells. What two molecules of the urea cycle contribute to those two groups ?
Carbamoyl phosphate and Glu
Carbamoyl phosphate and Asp
Glu and Gln
Ala and Glu
The urea cycle itself requires two different cellular compartments. What other pathway also requires two cellular compartments?
Gluconeogenesis
Beta-oxidation
glyoxylate
pentose phosphate, oxidative phase
What molecule that is produced in the cytosol by the urea cycle can be used by the citric acid cycle but cannot pass the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Fumarate
NAD+
Malate
Ornithine
Amino acid oxidation requires cofactors that can serve as a one-carbon source for amino acid and nucleotide synthesis. Which molecule does NOT function as a one-carbon transfer molecule?
biotin
S-Adenosylmethionine
pyridoxal phosphate
Tetrahydrofolate
Which molecule is produced by oxidation of most amino acids, leading to potential carbon loss by organisms that cannot fix carbon?
Glycine
Carbon Dioxide
Methane
Bicarbonate
