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What is another name for the Eastern Roman Empire?
Byzantine Empire
Under which emperor did the Byzantine Empire reach its maximum size?
Justinian
Which group of people conquered half of the Byzantine Empire (Syria, Palestine, and Egypt) in the 7th century?
Muslims
What was the set of laws established by Justinian?
Codex Justinianus
Which group did the Byzantine Empire defeat on the Italian Peninsula?
Ostrogoths
Who was at the bottom of the Byzantine social pyramid?
Serfs and slaves
What was another name for an emperor in the Byzantine Empire?
Basileus
What were the latifundia?
Large estates farmed by the Byzantines
What was the main economic activity in Byzantine cities?
Craftwork (artisans, jewelry, fabrics, silk, tapestries)
What was the reason for frequent revolts (rebellions against those in power) in the Byzantine Empire?
The emperor and nobility imposed high taxes on the population, great division between landowning nobility and poor farmers
What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire AND what is it known as today?
Constantinople, Istanbul
What was the great monument of the Byzantine Empire (church)?
Hagia Sophia Basilica
Which wars resulted from the prohibition of religious icons in the Byzantine Empire during the 8th and 9th centuries?
Iconoclastic Wars
What was the reason for the East-West Schism?
Constantinople became the largest Christian city (and not Rome), and conflict arose between Pope Leo IX and Michael I causing division of the church
Which language became the official language of the Byzantine Empire?
Greek
What type of Byzantine artwork featured a holy figure with a halo?
Icons
