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What is one important benefit of a written language?
1. Could keep records; 2. Could pass down history; 3. Could organize government, social structure, and religion; 4. Could control food supply and distribution
What was papyrus and why was it important?
A reed that grew along the Nile. It was used as paper and many other things (baskets, medicine, sandals)
What are the three main geographical features that affect how a civilization will grow in a certain area?
Water, Topography -- shape of the land, Vegetation -- plants that grow there
Explain the topography of Ancient Egypt. How did it help the civilization to flourish where it did?
Mostly flat, which was good for farming. And the desert that surrounds it was good for keeping out invaders.
What water source did Ancient Egypt have? Why was it important?
The Nile River. Drinking water and irrigating crops, washing. Flooded each year, leaving rich soil behind = good for farming; trade/transportation
What was the first pyramid like and who built it? During what time period?
Djoser built the first Step Pyramid during the Old Kingdom, third dynasty.
Who built the Great Pyramid? When?
Khufu, during the Old Kingdom
What is the Great Sphinx and when was it built?
Head of a pharaoh, body of a lion, built during the Old Kingdom.
What happened between each of the three "kingdoms"? What do we call that time and what was it like?
Intermediate periods = no strong central government, Egypt not united, a lot of fighting
What theory about how the pyramids were constructed seems to be a good one?
That they built it using an internal ramp instead of an external one like previously thought.
What evidence shows the internal ramp theory may be correct?
Tracks on the inside that would have been used to slide the stones; a notch at the corners to turn the stones; the spiral space that shows in an infrared scan
What is one thing the existence of the pyramids tells us about the Ancient Egyptian people?
Intelligence - more technologically advanced than we imagine, dedicated - 20 years, strength of belief in afterlife
Which pharaoh was a great warrior who had lots of wives and signed the first peace treaty?
Ramses II
Who is the pharaoh during the Middle Kingdom who built many monuments, including the White Chapel?
Senusret I
What really flourished during the Middle Kingdom?
The arts, literature, architecture
Which kingdom was known as the Period of Reunification?
Middle Kingdom
