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Ancient Egypt Unit Review
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Under the Ancient Egyptian legal system, should a scribe and a peasant receive the same treatment if they committed the same crime?
Yes
What is the word that describes "truth, order, and balance" in Egyptian law?
Ma'at
Who was higher on the Ancient Egypt social pyramid, an artisan or a priest?
priest
What was the second highest "class" in Ancient Egyptian society (think social pyramid)?
Government officials
Which pharaoh was a woman?
Hatshepsut
Who came first, Senusret I or Ramses II?
Senusret I
Who came first, Pepy II or Khufu?
Khufu
Who came first, Ramses II or Hatshepsut?
Hatshepsut
What was the name of the land the Hebrews were going to when they left Egypt?
Canaan
If someone mentions that a situation is worse than the ten plagues, what are they referring to?
When Pharaoh refused to allow the Hebrews to leave Egypt so God sent awful plagues on them to change pharaoh's mind.
What two other major world religions are somehow connected to the story of Judaism?
Islam and Christianity
What are the Ten Commandments? Who wrote them down?
Ten laws that God gave Moses. Moses wrote them as God told him what to write.
Explain how Jews believe they should live their everyday life.
They believe they should bring holiness to everything in their lives, not just religious things.
Is Judaism monotheistic or polytheistic? Why?
Monotheistic because they believe in only one God.
Was Ancient Egyptian religion monotheistic or polytheistic? Why?
Polytheistic because they had over 2,000 gods.
What is polytheism?
Belief that there are many gods.
What is monotheism?
Belief that there is only one God.
Who was Solomon?
David's son; king who ruled in peace; asked God for wisdom; built the Jewish temple
What is David known for in Jewish history?
God's chosen king; great warrior -- expanded the kingdom; defeat of the giant Goliath
What is Moses known for in the history of Judaism?
The Exodus -- leading the people out of slavery in Egypt.
What does the word covenant have to do with Judaism?
God made a covenant with Abraham to make him into a great nation. He made a covenant with Moses that he would watch over the people if they obeyed God.
What does the word "covenant" mean?
Promise or agreement.
Which person is considered the "father" of the Jewish nation?
Abraham (Abram)
During which kingdom did Ancient Egypt reach its height in terms of how big and wealthy the kingdom was?
The New Kingdom
Which kingdom was known as the Golden Age?
The New Kingdom
Which kingdom was known as the Age of the Pyramids?
Old Kingdom
Which kingdom was known as the Period of Reunification?
Middle Kingdom
What really flourished during the Middle Kingdom?
The arts, literature, architecture
Who is the pharaoh during the Middle Kingdom who built many monuments, including the White Chapel?
Senusret I
Which pharaoh was a great warrior who had lots of wives and signed the first peace treaty?
Ramses II
What is one thing the existence of the pyramids tells us about the Ancient Egyptian people?
Intelligence - more technologically advanced than we imagine, dedicated - 20 years, strength of belief in afterlife
What evidence shows the internal ramp theory may be correct?
Tracks on the inside that would have been used to slide the stones; a notch at the corners to turn the stones; the spiral space that shows in an infrared scan
What theory about how the pyramids were constructed seems to be a good one?
That they built it using an internal ramp instead of an external one like previously thought.
What happened between each of the three "kingdoms"? What do we call that time and what was it like?
Intermediate periods = no strong central government, Egypt not united, a lot of fighting
What is the Great Sphinx and when was it built?
Head of a pharaoh, body of a lion, built during the Old Kingdom.
Who built the Great Pyramid? When?
Khufu, during the Old Kingdom
What was the first pyramid like and who built it? During what time period?
Djoser built the first Step Pyramid during the Old Kingdom, third dynasty.
What water source did Ancient Egypt have? Why was it important?
The Nile River. Drinking water and irrigating crops, washing. Flooded each year, leaving rich soil behind = good for farming; trade/transportation
Explain the topography of Ancient Egypt. How did it help the civilization to flourish where it did?
Mostly flat, which was good for farming. And the desert that surrounds it was good for keeping out invaders.
What are the three main geographical features that affect how a civilization will grow in a certain area?
Water, Topography -- shape of the land, Vegetation -- plants that grow there
What was papyrus and why was it important?
A reed that grew along the Nile. It was used as paper and many other things (baskets, medicine, sandals)
What is one important benefit of a written language?
1. Could keep records; 2. Could pass down history; 3. Could organize government, social structure, and religion; 4. Could control food supply and distribution
How many symbols were originally in the hieroglyph alphabet, and how many did it become over the years?
2,000 became 700
What are hieroglyphics?
Ancient Egypt's written language.
What’s another way that historians say BCE? What does that stand for?
BC = Before Christ
What were the years of the New Kingdom?
1600-1100 BCE
Which pharaoh came to power at age 6 and had a 90-year reign?
Pepy II
During which kingdom were all the pyramids we see today built?
Old Kingdom
Which pharaoh died probably between 17 and 19 years old, and did pretty much nothing for Ancient Egypt?
King Tut
What is one reason the Old Kingdom crumbled?
Drought/ famine; fighting over power since Pepy II had no obvious successor; people lost faith in pharaoh since he didn't answer their prayers
Which pharaoh is known for expanding the kingdom through trade instead of war?
Hatshepsut
Who unified upper and lower Egypt into one country?
Narmer
Who was the last pharaoh of the Old Kingdom who outlived all his successors?
Pepy II
Who was credited as teaching Egyptians about the worship of the gods?
Narmer
What does BCE stand for?
Before the Common Era
What are the dates of the Middle Kingdom?
2000-1800 BCE
Who is the most famous Egyptian pharaoh today because of his tomb that was not robbed?
King Tut
Who was the first pharaoh of Ancient Egypt?
Narmer (Menes)
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