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What were the three main regions of the original 13 colonies?
New England, Middle, and Southern Colonies
What economic activities dominated the New England colonies?
Shipbuilding, fishing, lumber, and small-scale subsistence farming.
Which colonies made up the Middle Colonies?
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware.
What was the primary cash crop in the Southern Colonies?
Tobacco, along with rice and indigo.
What was the role of indentured servitude in the colonies?
Indentured servants worked for a period (usually 4-7 years) in exchange for passage to the colonies, often on farms or in households.
What was the significance of the Mayflower Compact?
It was the first self-governing agreement in the American colonies, establishing a government based on majority rule.
How did geography influence the economy of the Southern Colonies?
The warm climate and fertile soil allowed for the cultivation of cash crops, leading to plantation agriculture.
What was the purpose of the Virginia House of Burgesses?
It was the first legislative assembly in the American colonies, giving settlers a voice in local government.
How did the Atlantic Slave Trade impact the American colonies?
It provided a labor force for plantations, especially in the Southern Colonies, significantly contributing to the economy.
What was mercantilism, and how did it affect the colonial economy?
Economic theory where colonies existed to benefit the mother country (Britain), leading to restrictions on trade and the exploitation of colonies
Which colony was founded as a haven for religious freedom by the Pilgrims?
Plymouth Colony (in modern-day Massachusetts).
Why was Pennsylvania considered a "holy experiment" under William Penn?
It was founded by Quakers as a place of religious tolerance and equality, welcoming settlers from various faiths.
What was the purpose of the Proclamation of 1763?
It restricted colonial expansion west of the Appalachian Mountains to prevent conflicts with Native Americans.
What did the Stamp Act of 1765 require colonists to do?
Pay a tax on all printed materials, including newspapers, legal documents, and playing cards.
How did the Boston Massacre influence colonial attitudes toward Britain?
It intensified anti-British sentiments, as colonists viewed the killing of five colonists by British soldiers as an act of tyranny.
What was the significance of the Townshend Acts?
They imposed taxes on imported goods like paper, glass, and tea, further angering colonists and fueling protests.
