Share 8th Grade Biology Review for Partial Exam 2
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What are the 4 major types of cells and are they prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Bacterium- prokaryotic, Protists- eukaryotic, Animal- eukaryotic, Plant- eukaryotic
What is the function of a chloroplast?
Absorbs sunlight and produce/store glucose
Describe what a prokaryotic cell is.
Prokaryotes are the first cells to form and are the oldest and simplest cells on earth
a prokaryotic cell with the name Bacilli is...?
Rod shaped/ elongated
A prokaryotic cell with the name Staphylo is...?
Clustered together in bunches
What 3 organelles make up the cell envelope?
Capsule, cell wall, and cell membrane
What is the cytoplasm?
Semi-fluid, “jelly-like” structure inside the plasma membrane. Cell parts “float inside the cytoplasm
What is the name of the organelle in a prokaryote where the genetic material is stored?
Nucleoid
Describe Binary Fission
Binary fission is prokaryotic reproduction in bacteria, where a bacteria grows and splits to form two genetically identical bacteria cells.
What 4 molecules are the "building blocks" of life?
proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids
Name 5 of the 7 characteristics shared by all living things.
Complex organization based on DNA One or more cells Response to environment Reproduction Growth and development Mutations and evolution Metabolism
Name all 3 key components of cell theory
All living things are made of cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function. Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
Who was he? German physician and pathologist. Proposed that cells arise from pre-existing cells, completing cell theory. Introduced the concept of cellular pathology.
Rudolf Virchow
Who was he? British scientist who observed cork cells under a microscope. Coined the term "cell" to describe the small compartments he observed. Published his findings in the book "Micrographia"
Robert Hooke
What structure are formed by putting numerous cells together?
Tissue
Why is chemical signaling important?
To maintain homeostasis
