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Chemistry Review 2
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When an acid and an alkali react, a salt and water are formed. What is the salt produced when ammonium hydroxide reacts with nitric acid?
ammonium nitrate
Why does an electrolyte need to be either molten or in solution?
To enable the ions to move
Halogens exist as ___________ molecules. It means that each molecule contains 2 atoms.
diatomic
The breaking down of a compound by passing an electric current through it is called ________.
electrolysis
chlorine + potassium bromide ==> potassium chloride + bromine           What is this reaction called?
Displacement reaction
What happens to the density of group 1 metals as you go down the group?
increases
As you go down group 7, from fluorine to astatine, what happens to the reactivity of the elements?
reactivity decreases
What is the reaction in which an acid reacts with a base or alkali to form a salt and water called?
neutralisation
The minimum amount of energy required by particles to react is called the _________.
activation energy
What is the transition metal used as a catalyst(to convert carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide) in the car exhaust?
platinum
When a group 1 element reacts with water, a hydroxide is formed. What colour could Universal Indicator turn in this solution?
blue or purple (alkaline)
The reactivity of group I elements ______ down the group.
increases
What gas is given off when group I elements react with water?
hydrogen gas
A reaction which will proceed in both forwards and backwards directions is called a _____________.
reversible reaction
At __________, the rate of the forward and reverse reaction are the same. the rate of the forward and reverse reaction are the same.
equilibrium
ΔH is negative for what type of reactions?
exothermic reactions
Energy change in a chemical reaction is represented by the symbol...
ΔH (enthalpy change)
When an exothermic reaction takes place, the reaction mixture gives out heat because more energy is ____ when new bonds are formed than is taken in when existing bonds in the reactants are broken.
released
_____ reaction happens when energy is absorbed from the surroundings and the temperature of the surroundings decreases
Endothermic
____________ reaction happens when energy is released to the surroundings and the temperature of the surroundings increases.
Exothermic
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