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The First Law of Thermodynamics
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What is constant in an isolated system?
energy
A/an ____ _____ no energy is transferred as heat, no work is done by the system, and there is no change in internal energy.
isolated
Volume doesn't change and no work is done when it is ______.
isovolumetric
In an isothermal process what happens?
the temperature doesn't change and no change in internal energy
In an adiabatic process what happens?
no energy is transferred as heat
What process is thermally insulated?
adiabatic
What is thermodynamics?
the study of energy
If a glass of cold water is left on the kitchen counter what happens to the temperature of the water?
it will become the temperature of the surroundings
What is the unit used to measure heat?
joules
The first law of thermodynamics is similar to what other law?
the law of conservation of energy
The internal energy of an ideal gas is dependent on what?
the temperature
A gas in a closed container is heated with 125 J of energy, causing the lid of the container to rise. If the change in energy of the system is 50 J, how much work was done by the system?
75 J
If the work is done on the system, then the internal energy of the system _____.
increases
If the ____ is done by the system, then the internal energy of the system decreases.
work
If heat leaves the system, then the internal energy of the system ______.
decreases
If heat is added to the system, then the internal energy of the system ______.
increases
What is the change in internal energy if 4025 J of heat is added to a system and 2500 J of work is done by the system?
internal energy increases by 1525 J
What is the change in internal energy if 2000 J of heat is added to a system and 2500 J of work is done on the system.
it increases by 4500 joules
If "Q" is negative, heat ________ the system.
leaves
If "Q" is positive, heat ________ the system.
is added to
If "W" is positive, work is done ________ the system.
by
If "W" is negative work ________ the system.
is done on
The consequence of conservation of _____ is because of the first law of thermodynamics.
energy
In terms of internal energy and the first law of thermodynamics, energy of the universe is what?
constant
What happens to the internal energy of a system that has decreased?
the internal energy becomes negative
What happens to the internal energy of a system that has increased?
the internal energy is positive
How do you find the change in internal energy?
final internal energy subtract initial internal energy
The internal energy is defined as the amount of all ____ and ____ energies of the particles in a system.
potential and kinetic
What is represented by "w" in the first law of thermodynamics?
work
What is represented by "q" in the first law of thermodynamics?
heat
What does ∆U represent?
The change in internal energy
The first law of thermodynamics states that internal energy of an _____ _____ is constant.
isolated system
What is the chosen space that is being studied called?
a system
What is outside the system?
surroundings
What is the equation for the first law of thermodynamics?
ΔU= q+w
The ______ ________ of the system has to equal to energy transferred from the surroundings.
energy change
What are the two ways to transfer energy between a closed system and surroundings?
work and heat
What form of energy is associated with thermodynamics?
internal energy
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