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Understanding Matter
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The identity of an element is determined by the number of _______.
protons
True/ False: One property of metal is that they can be hammered in to thin sheets. (malleable)
true
A material whose particle composition allows heat and electricity to pass through it easily are described as having a high ____.
conductivity
A change in the state of matter is caused if enough _____ is added to or removed from an object.
thermal energy
The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas is the ____ point.
boiling
True/ False: Compared to water, most metals have low specific heats.
True
True/ False: The average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance never changes.
false
Adding thermal energy to a cup of water may cause the particles to move (faster/ slower).
faster
True/ False: Wood is a good conductor of heat.
False
True/ False: Silver is a good conductor of heat.
True
True/ False: Copper is a good conductor of heat.
True
The temperature of a piece of iron increases more than that of a sample of water with the same mass when the same amount of thermal energy is added. This is because iron has a (higher/ lower) ______ specific heat.
lower
The pool is cold at the beginning of summer because water has a (high/ low) specific heat.
high
Heat always moves from ___________ to __________ objects.
warmer to cooler
When temperature increases, average _____ increases.
kinetic energy
Temperature is a measure of the average ____ of the particles in an object.
kinetic energy
Water has been left in a pot on a hot stove. Bubbles form throughout the liquid and rise to the top. Which type of change is this?
boiling (vaporization)
Particles are close together and vibrating in place in a _______. (solid, liquid, gas)
solid
Particles are generally far apart and moving freely in a _______. (solid, liquid, gas)
gas
In general, metals are ____ (good / poor) conductors of heat since they are composed of individual atoms or small molecules.
good
A change in the state of matter occurs if enough _____ is added or removed from an object.
thermal energy
The forces of attraction between the particles of a matter sample are strong and draw particles together, keeping them in their place. This is an example _____.
solid
A particle that moves around the nucleus creating a cloud of negative charge is a(n) _____________.
electron
The number of protons in an atom is called the __________________.
atomic number
Elements that display some properties of both metals and nonmetals are called ______________.
metalloids
What state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
liquid
A subatomic particle having a positive charge is the _______________.
proton
The center core of an atom is called the ___________.
nucleus
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