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Biological Evidence of Evolution
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The Carbon outline of a plant (which was squeezed by rocks over millions of years) was found. How was this plant fossilized?
carbonization
A scientist found a fossil near the water, its bones had been replaced by minerals. What type of fossil was found?
mineralized fossil (mineralization)
Scientists find the trail of a dinosaur that dragged its tail when it walked. What type of fossil have they found?
trace fossil
Scientists find a fossil and find it is 60 million years old. What type of dating are they using?
absolute-age dating
Species that are related share a _______________ ancestor.
common
What are variations caused by?
mutations in DNA
When does a variation become an adaptation?
when it helps an organisms to live longer and reproduce more
Migrating, in birds, is an example of what type of adaptation?
behavioral
Long necks in giraffes are an example of what type of adaptation?
structural
Ability to decrease their body temperature (in bats) is an example of what type of adaptation?
functional
What are variations that cause an organism to live longer and reproduce more?
adaptations
What is Charles Darwin's theory that organisms change slowly over time?
theory of natural selection
An insect wing and a bird wing are an example of what type of structures?
analogous structures
A whale fin and a human arm are examples of what type of structures?
homologous structures
A whale pelvis and your appendix are examples of what type of structures?
vestigial structures
Which structures (homologous or analogous) show us that species are not related?
analogous
body parts in an organism that no longer have a function (like your apendix)
vestigial structure
Which structures (homologous or analogous) show us that species are related?
homologous
birds, reptiles, fish, and humans all have pharyngeal pouches as embryos. What does this tell us about these species?
they are related (have a common ancestor)
body parts of different species that have the same function, but not the same structure
analogous structures
the study of similarities and differences among structures (body parts) in organisms
comparative anatomy
the study of gene structure and function
molecular biology
the study of embryo development from fertilization to birth is called....
embryology
body parts of organisms that are similar in structure but have a different function are called....
homologous structures
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