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1st Benchmark Review 2 DWJH
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What case established judicial review and who was the chief justice of the Supreme Court at that time?
Marbury vs. Madison, John Marshall
What is judicial review?
Supreme Court's power to declare a law unconstitutional
Disagreements over the creation of the national bank and the extent of federal power led to what?
The creation of the first political parties
Why is the government divided into 3 branches?
To prevent any one branch from gaining too much power, to guard against an abuse of power
Unalienable rights described by Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness
What British philosopher influenced Thomas Jefferson with his ideas about people altering their governments if the government did not protect individual freedom?
John Locke
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness.............where can these unalienable rights be found?
Declaration of Independence
What was the primary reason Europeans began exploring?
They were looking for a faster route to Asia
Why did slavery develop primarily in southern colonies?
That is where cash crops were being grown
What GEOGRAPHIC reason prompted the Pilgrims to create the Mayflower Compact and colonists in Virginia to create the House of Burgesses?
The distance from Great Britain
What legislative body served as a model for other legislatures in the British colonies?
House of Burgesses
What colony did Plymouth become?
Massachusetts
What colony did Jamestown become?
Virginia
Which British Acts against the colonies were an example of mercantilism?
Navigation Acts
Economic theory meaning colonies exist to make mother country rich and powerful
Mercantilism
A violent uprising against taxes that showed the federal government was strong
The Whiskey Rebellion
A violent protest against taxes and debt by farmers which led to a call for a stronger form of government
Shays Rebellion
What was the main issue facing the United States immediately after the American Revolution?
Large debt
Why did the Democratic-Republicans fear a strong central government?
The feared a strong central government would take away the rights of the people
What group of people would have said "We need a strong central government to ensure the stability of the nation."
Federalists
What did the Anti-Federalists insist upon before they would support the ratification of the Constitution?
The addition of the Bill of Rights
Which Amendment is the Right to Bear Arms?
2nd Amendment
What is 7th Amendment?
Trial by jury for civil matters (over 20$)
What is 6th Amendment?
Trial by jury for criminal offenses
Main rallying cry of the American colonists in the lead-up to the Revolution
No Taxation without Representation!
Convinced foreign countries to start aiding the American colonies in their fight against Great Britain
Battle of Saratoga
Battle during the Revolution where the Continental Army captured 2 British generals and thousands of British soldiers, and forced the British to negotiate for peace
Yorktown
George Washington's cold harsh winter camp
Valley Forge
Main reason colonies developed self government
The distance from Great Britain; slow communication
The only individual to be unanimously elected to president by the Electoral College
George Washington
Montesquieu's idea that a government should be divided into parts and each part has equal power
Separation of Powers
Which amendment in the Bill of Rights demonstrates the principle of Federalism?
10th Amendment
Who chooses the president if there is a tie in the Electoral College?
House of Representatives
President rejects a bill passed by Congrees........what does this represent?
Veto or Checks and Balances
Both state and federal governments have the power to tax........which constitutional principle is this?
Federalism
In the United States we elect delegates to represent us in Congress........which constitutional principle is this?
Republicanism
Supreme Court reverses a law that restricts free speech......what is this an example of?
Judicial Review
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