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Managing flood risk
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What is the term for plating trees as a flood management technique
Flood Abatement (Afforestation)
A disadvantage of Flood Abatement
Coniferous trees are often planted as they grow fast but they increase soil acidity through needle litter, which can reduce soil fertility therefore affecting
How does planting trees (afforestation) act as a flood managment?
The trees intercept the rain water reducing surface runoff
What is an advantage flood plain zoning?
Aims to prevent the development of homes/businesses in high risk areas.
The term used for Governments allocating areas of land to different uses, according to their level of flood risk.
Flood Plain Zoning
An advantage of River restoration (restoring the river's original course)
Can slow rivers down preventing flooding downstream by removing levees & restoring meanders or more attractive or habitats for wild life.
What is an advantage of washlands?
Safe place for floodwater preventing it from affecting valuable areas or Deposited alluvium is fertile which may be useful for agricultural use.
What is the name for an area of the flood plain that are allowed to flood and one disadvantage?
Term: Washland / Disad: Land that could have been developed on, for example, for housing is unusable.
A disadvantage of dams and reservoirs.
Sediment is trapped behind the dam, reducing the amount carried downstream to floodplains, which lowers alluvium deposition, therefore reduces soil fertility.
Give 2 advantages of dams and reservoirs.
1. HEP (Hydroelectric Power) 2. Water Supply 3. Water Sports
What is the term for barriers that hold back water and the term for the artificial lake behind it?
Dam & Reservoir
What is the term for extra channels built next to rivers or leading from them and an advantage?
Term: Flood Relief Channels / Adv: The river can be re-routed to by-pass settlements under threat.
What are the disadvantages of channelisation?
Increasing the discharge (amount of water flowing past at a given time) can threaten further downstream after heavy rain.
What is the advantage of channelisation?
Reduces channel friction, increasing velocity (water speed) increasing discharge which reduces the risk of flooding in that area.
What is the term for deepening and/or straightening the the river?
Channelisation
A disadvantage of embankments (manmade levees)
Embankments increase channel capacity, so if they fail a large volume of water is released suddenly causing even more damage.
An advantage of embankments (man made levees)
They can have walkways or roads on top of them increasing the amenity facilities in the area-multi purpose.
What is an embankment (manmade levee)
High banks built on/near river banks
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