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Nervous system review
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Name two examples of receptors
ouch receptors in the skin sound receptors in the ear light receptors in the eye, chemical (taste) receptors in the nose, tongue and mouth t
Describe the pathway for a reflex arc
receptor → sensory neurone → relay neurone → motor neurone → effector
What is an example of a reflex action?
pulling hand away from hot object; ducking when something moves toward your head; knee-jerk (patellar reflex)
What is the name for the place on the neuron where a signal is transmitted to the next neuron
axon terminal
Name the three types of nerve cells.
Sensory, relay, motor
What is a synapse
the gap or junction between two adjacent neurons
What is the function of the dendrons and dentrites?
receive input from other neurons and transmit to the axon
What is the function of the myelin sheath?
it makes the nerve impulses travel faster
What is the name of the part of the neuron shown on the left? How do you know?
cell body because it contains nucleus
What do motor neurons do?
transfer nerve impulses from the brain or the spinal cord to effectors, such as muscles or glands
How do sensory and relay neurons differ in structure?
Sensory neurons are longer as they have to transmit messages from distant parts of the body to the CNS; relay neurons have a short axon
What does a relay neuron do?
connects one neuron to the next
What does a sensory neuron do?
transmits nerve impulses away from receptor cells when a stimulus is detected
What does the CNS stand for and what makes it up?
Central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord
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