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Echo Chap 25
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in parenchyma, PSV ______ and length _____ consistent with chronic renal artery occlusion
<10 cm/s, <9 cm
With >80% stenosis, changes include
Delayed systolic upstroke Loss of compliance peak PSV decreased distally
PSV greater ____ cm/s and stenosis greater ___ % is flow reducing renal artery stenosis.
180cm/s and >60%
What does this waveform suggest?
FMD
What is shown in the image?
FMD
Compromised flow would result in length difference greater than ___ cm?
1 cm
what is the angle of insonation when doing doppler within the kidney?
0 degrees
what is renal-aortic ratio?
normal=< 3.5 occluded = kidney length <8cm
spectral waveforms should be recorded from the level of ____ & ____.
celiac and SMA
Aorta is evaluated in _______ plane, beginning at the level of _____ _______.
sagittal, ( xiphoid process, <60degrees)
true/ false: Second most common renal artery disease, medial fibromuscular dysplasia.
True. it causes string of beads affect (non-atherosclerotic disease affects mid to distal segments)
True/ False: Atherosclerosis is most common in renal artery disease
True. bilateral 30%
What are kidneys important landmarks?
Transpyloric plane Located halfway between suprasternal notch and symphysis pubis
Kidney length is _____ cm; width of ______ cm
8-13cm and 5-7cm
Rigth kidney is _____ to left.
inferior
True/ False: Duplex ultrasound is used to detect renal artery stenosis, *Provides anatomical as well as hemodynamic functional information *Low cost wo risk of ionizing radiation or use of nephrotoxic contrast agents
True
Renal artery disease is correctable with?
Treatment will control or cure Renovascular hypertension, Retention of renal mass, Stabilization of renal function
Renal artery stenosis should be suspected with.....?
Sudden onset or worsening of chronic hypertension Unexplained renal insufficiency or pulmonary edema Hypertensive children
In severe ________ hypertension patients, up to ____% are related to renal artery _____.
diastolic, 60%, stenosis
Up to ___% of hypertensive patients have underlying renal disease
6%
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