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Mitosis, Meiosis, and some genetics
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A male with Down's syndrome has __________ chromosomes.
47
The point where chromatids cross over is called _____________.
Chiasma
Human sperm contain ___________ chromosomes
23
State phases of Meiosis in sequence.
Prophase I, Prometaphase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, Interphase, Prophase II, Prometaphase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II
Meiosis two is esentially the same steps as ____________.
mitosis
Each side of a duplicated chromosome is known as a _____________ chromatid.
sister
Chromosomes that are similar in size, shape, and genetic content are called _____________ chromosomes
homologous
When does crossing over occur?
Prophase I of meiosis
In which part of the cell cycle is the DNA duplicated?
S phase
At the end of meiosis, there are ________ cells that are genetically ____________.
4, unique
At the end of mitosis, there are ____ cells that are genetically __________.
2, identical
Which process performs "PMAT" twice?
Meiosis
Describe Telophase
The fifth and final stage of mitosis, in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokinesis has typically begun.
Describe Anaphase
The fourth stage of mitosis, in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell.
Describe Metaphase
The third stage of mitosis, in which the spindle is complete and the chromosomes, attached to microtubules at their kinetochores, are all aligned at the metapha
Descrcibe Prometaphase
The second stage of mitosis, in which the nuclear envelope fragments and the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes.
Describe Prophase
The first stage of mitosis, in which the chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes visible with a light microscope, the mitotic spindle begins to form, and
Describe the S phase of cell division
The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.
Describe the G2 phase of cell division
The second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.
Describe the G1 phase of cell division
The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins.
Around what percent of the cell cycle does interphase take up?
~90%
Define Interphase
Any phase that isn't mitosis (G1, S, G2)
hapoid cells have ___ chromosomes
n
2n =
diploid
uncontrolled cell growth leads to _______
Cancer
What is the name of the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division.
centromere
Occurs in gametes
Meiosis
Occurs in somatic cells
Mitosis
Results in the replication of two identical daughter cells
Mitosis
Does not experience crossing over
Mitosis
Experiences crossing over
Meiosis
Creates new cells to replace old, damaged cells
Mitosis
Daughter cells are haploid
Meiosis
Daughter cells are diploid
Mitosis
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