Fluid and Electrolytes plus ABGs | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

Rebound pain/tenderness during palpation of right side abdomen can be indicative of this medical emergency

Appendicitis

What 2 labs are commonly used to determine kidney function

BUN: 8-20mg/dl & Creatinine: 0.7-1.2mg/dl

ID this ABG: pH 7.51, PaCO2: 50, HCO3: 24

Respiratory Alkalosis

ID this ABG: pH: 7.29, PaCO2: 40, HCO3: 20

Metabolic Acidosis

Name 3 of the 4 potential causes of edema

increased capillary hydrostatic pressure resulting in hypervolemia,loss of plasm proteins,obstruction of the lymphatic circulation,and increased capillary perm.

Name and identify normal values for the three labs of interest in interpreting ABGs

pH 7.35-7.45, PaCo2 35-45, HCO3 (bicarb) 22-26

Name the 2 organs involved in regulating acid/base balance

Lungs & kidneys

Name this term: Dark-colored (tarry) stool

Melena: results from bleeding that occurs further up the GI tract

What sign or symptom distinguishes pyelonephritis from cystitis

Flank pain and urinary casts (white blood cells, red blood cells, kidney cells, or substances such as protein or fat & indicates kidney damage/inflammation)

Name the following disease's pathophysiology: Pressures in the esophagus decrease, affecting the closure of the lower esophageal sphincter

GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)

The more (blank) ions, the more acidic the fluid? Fill in blank

Hydrogen (H+)

Lethargy, Nausea and vomiting, Impaired reflexes, Muscle paralysis, Respiratory and cardiac arrest are associated with which electrolyte disturbance?

Hypermagnesemia (Normal Adult Magnesium Levels 0.7 - 1.1 mg/dL)

Which electrolyte disturbance corresponds with hypocalcemia and hypokalemia?

Hypomagnesemia (Normal Adult Magnesium Levels 0.7 - 1.1 mg/dL)

Positive Chvostek Sign & Trousseau’s Sign are associated with which electrolyte imbalance?

Hypocalcemia (Normal Adult Calcium Levels 8.2 - 10.2 mg/dL)

Cardiac dysrhythmias, Cramping leg pain, Weak or paralyzed skeletal muscles, Abdominal cramping or diarrhea are signs of which electrolyte imbalance?

Hyperkalemia (Normal Adult Potassium Levels 3.5 - 5.3 mEq/L)

Thirst, Alterations in mental status, ranging from agitation, restlessness, confusion and lethargy to seizures and coma are signs of which electrolyte imbalance?

Hypernatremia (Normal Adult Sodium Levels 135 - 145 mEq/L)

Who is the major electrolyte in extracellular fluid?

Sodium

Who is the major electrolyte in intracellular fluid?

Potassium

Hypertonic fluids cause cells to do what?

Shrivel or shrink

Hypotonic fluids cause cells to do what?

Swell or burst

Changes in skin turgor, hypovolemia, tachycardia, weak pulse, and confusion are signs of what?

Dehydration

List 3 possible causes of dehydration.

Vomiting, diarrhea, excessive sweating, decreased sodium intake, inadequate fluid intake

Are sodium levels usually decreased or increased in Fluid Volume Excess?

Decreased

Of the 3 different fluid spacing's which fluid is trapped where it is difficult or impossible for it to move back into cells or blood vessels?

3rd spacing

Which of the following is not a cause of edema? Heart failure, Increase in capillary oncotic pressure, Blood clot, or Increase in capillary permeability

Increase in capillary oncotic/osmotic pressure

What is the force that pulls in?

Oncotic/osmotic pressure

What is the force that pushes out?

Hydrostatic pressure

Active transport requires what for movement of solutes to occur?

ATP/energy

What are the three compartments in the body where fluid and solutes move between?

Intracellular, Intravascular, & interstitial

What is the net movement of solutes from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration?

Diffusion