Apologia advanced Biology module 3 | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

What are the functions of a melanocyte?

The produce melenin, give the skin color to protect the cells from ultraviolet radiation.

What are the three layers of hair?

cortex, the medulla and the cuticle

What is the term that means making blood cells?

Hemopoisis: Hemat:blood, poiesis:to make

Where is the mastoid process and what is it?

prominence of the temporal bone behind the ear, to which neck muscles are attached

What is the difference between a meatus and a foramen?

A meatus is a passageway.”external auditory meatus” and a foramen is a hole in a bone where nerves and muscles pass through.” Foramen magnum”

Where will you find living cells in the epidermis?

Stratum basale, the bottom layer, and stratum spinosum, the next layer.

In long bones, what is the hollow cavity called and what will you find there?.

Medullary cavity, and you find yellow bone marrow which produce cartilage, fat and bone. Yellow bone marrow also aids in the storage of fats

What defines short bones? Give an example.

Bones that are about as long as they are wide. Tarsals, carpals

What defines a long bone, and give an example.

Longer than they are wide. Femur, fibula, metatarsals

Compare and contrast sweat glands and sebaceous glands.

Sebaceous-holocrine,secrete oil, protects and softens skin. Sweat-merocrine gland, secrete sweat, to cool

Compare and contrast the dermis and the epidermis.

They are layers of the skin. Epidermis is the outside layer made of epithelial cells, keratinized. Dermis-deeper, dense irregular connective tissue.

label a, h, i, j, f

a: frontal bone, h: parietal, i: temporal, j: occipital, f: maxilla

identify the region y and w

y pectoral girdle, w pelvic girdle

identify n, o, p, q

n: femur, o: patella, p: tibia, q: fibula

identify a, b, c, d, e

a: sternum, b: rib, c costal cartilage, d: humerous e: sacrum

label the parts of the spine. t, u, v

t: cervical vertebrae, u: thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae

name the bones in the head a, c, d, e, g.

a)Frontal, c)lacrimal, d)zygomatic, e)vomer, g)mandible

In the skull, how many are there of each of these bones? Temporal, ethmoid, occipital and sphenoid.

Temporal-2 (side of head) ethmoid-1 (b) Occipital-1 (back of head) sphenoid-1(inside)

What is the difference between cancellous and compact bone?

Compact bone is made up of dense bone matrix organized into tubules called osteons.

What kind of bone is the patella?

sesamoid

Where is bone marrow found and what does it do?

In the cancelous bone of the long bones. Erythropoiesis formation of red blood cells and platelets

name the cell layers of the skin in order from deepest to most superficial.

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidium, stratum corneum

describe stratum corenum

most superficial, 25-30 layers thick, these cells slough off, dead cells, no nucleus

Describe stratum lucidium.

primarily only found in think skin (palms of hands and soles of feet)

Describe stratum granulosum

In this layer cells begin to die, these cells produce large amounts of keratin

describe stratum spinosum

several cells thick, also undergoes mitosis, melanocytes reside here

describe Stratum basale

once cell thick,, cells under go mitosis continually

Name a benefit and a curse of sebaceous glands.

Help skin maintain moisture and acne

What is the sweat gland and duct, and what is the sebaceous gland?

Sweat gland h, sweat gland duct i, sebaceous gland k b is the pore for the duct of the sweat gland.

What are c, d,and e ?

c is the epidermis, d is the dermis, and e is the hypodermis

Where are apocrine sweat glands found and what kind of gland are they?

Armpits and pubic region, they are merocrine glands

What is the major functions of the sweat glands?

cooling

In relation to bone, what are: meatus, foramen, and process?

meatus:a passage , Foramen:an opening, process:a projection on a bone

Do all hair cells contain keratin?

All differentiated hair cells have keratin, the matrix is made up of a mass of undifferentiated cells which have no keratin.

What are lines of cleavage?

Where the collagen fibers in the dermis are lined up.

What does costal refer to?

relating to the ribs costal cartilage, intercostal spaces,

What is Hemopoiesis?

the process of manufacturing blood cells, and platelets. it occurs in the bone marrow

What is a suture? (in relation to bones)

a junction between the flat bones of the skull

What is the opposite of superficial?

The opposite of superficial is deep. Skin is superficial to muscle, bones are deeper than muscle

What is superficial?

a directional term that indicates one structure is located more externally than another, or closer to the surface of the body

What is the appendicular skeleton?

The portion of the skeleton that attaches to the axial skeleton and has limbs attached

What is the axial skeleton?

the portion of the skeleton that supports and protects the head neck and trunk.