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Waters of the Earth
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Explain the difference between surface water and the deep sea in an Open Ocean Habitat.
surface water- receives sunlight, has phytoplankton, is very productive. deep sea - very dark, organisms make energy from chemicals, geothermal vents
Describe one way that water and land affect each other.
Glaciers carve out rock & form lakes. Heavy rains can cause landslides. Rivers erode the land. Ocean waves carry away sand. Groundwater creates tunnels & caves
Name 4 ways rivers and lakes are used.
Wildlife habitats; Source of water for communities, agriculture, industry; Ship goods from one place to another; dams create energy
Ocean water and freshwater bring lots of nutrients into an estuary which causes:
Productive ecosystems, lots of animals, and rapidly growing plants
Brackish water is
A mixture of saltwater and freshwater
What are 3 ways that lakes form?
Glaciers cause depressions. People dam rivers. Landslides block a river.
What types of environments are found in the ocean?
Open ocean and coastal habitats
Water from rain or snow that moves into rivers or the ground is called:
runoff
Where do estuaries form?
where rivers empty into a sea or ocean
Most of the Earth’s freshwater is in (name all 3):
in the ice of glaciers and ice caps or beneath the planet’s surface as groundwater. A very small portion is found in clouds.
97.5% of the Earth’s water is covered in what type of water?
salt water
Natural, non-living solid crystal that makes up rocks are called ___ .
minerals
Water stored below Earth’s surface in soil and rock layers is called ___ .
groundwater
Water that is not salty, found in lakes and streams is called ___ .
Freshwater
______ is a compound made of hydrogen and oxygen.
water
A ___ is a big body of water flowing through an area with land on either side.
river
A coastal body of water where freshwater from a river mixes with saltwater from the ocean is called ...
estuary
A body of water surrounded by land that is often fresh but sometimes salty is called...
lake
What do we call something that has to do with the ocean?
marine