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How is shock defined? What is another word for it?
The failure of the heart to pump enough blood also called cardiogenic
How long do you wash your hands before going into a sterile environment?
3 minutes
What are the two infections that hospital workers are most concerned about?
HIV and Hep B
What two pathologies could happen if the central line is placed incorrectly?
pneumothorax or a hemothorax
Where should a central line be placed?
2-3 cm above right atrial junction
Where should an ET tube be placed?
In the trachea 1-2 inches above the carina (3-5cm)
When a person is hypoxic does their blood pressure increase or decrease?Why?
increase because their heart is working harder to get the oxygen to the main body parts
Air entrapment, oxy hood and rebreather are all examples of what?
high flow oxygen therapy
What exams do you do first for a trauma of the c-spine with a collar?
AP/LAT
Definition of bactericidal? Bacteriostatic?
an agent that kills bacteria, an agent that stops bacterial growth
What represents the first beat of the heart that you hear and the last beat of the heart that you hear?
first- systolic last- diastolic
What does the diastolic portion of the blood pressure mean?
relaxation of the heart
What does the systolic portion of the blood pressure mean?
the contraction phase of the heart
Chemical agents that alter the environment of the microbe to inhibit growth are ?
bacteriostatic
Which ethical principle is related to sincerity and truthfulness?
Veracity
An IV line must always be how many inches above or below the level of the vein?
18-20 inches above
Graves disease is associated with? Thyroid under or over activity?
over activity
Which blood pressure measurments indicate shock? Systolic or diastolic
systolic
How many chest compressions are done during CPR?
100 per minute
What does dysplasia mean?
abnormal development of tissue
What does Enteral mean?
oral, sublingual, rectal or buccal
What does parenteral mean?
anything other than the GI route- mostly injections
Should the bevel face upwards or downwards while drawing blood or placing an IV?
bevel up
Which type of NG tube is the most commonly used?
Levin
What is normal respiration?
12-20
Which temperature is highest and most accurate?
rectal
What is the normal body temperature?
97.6 - 100.0
What are the Sacred 7 ?
Localization,chronology, quality,severity, onset, aggravating factors, manifestations
Techniques that function to reduce the spread of microbes are termed: medical asepsis ,sterilization, disinfection, surgical asepsis
medical asepsis
An autoclave provides which method of pathogenic removal? chemical sterilization,surgical asepsis, disinfection
surgical asepsis
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests that health care workers protect themselves and their patients from blood and body fluid contamination by using:
standard precautions
Which of the following does an antibiotic have on the body? decreases pain, allows clotting, increases urine output, combats bacteria
combats bacteria
Each of the following is considered a fomite EXCEPT (a door knob, a tick, a pillow, an x-ray table)?
a tick
What is the most common type of NG tubes? Levin, salem-sump, Miller-Abbott or Cantor
Levin
What type of contrast is used when a perforation of the bowel is suspected?
water soluble
What kind of sterile technique is used for the c-arm?
draping the image intensifier and sometimes the tube
Which would be an example of an aseptic technique?
arthrography, myelogram, tracheostomy, chest tubes, urinary catheterizations , venous lines, pacemaker placement
MRSA is an example of contact or droplet precautions?
contact
Should you recap a needle after its use? Y or N
NO
What are some examples of a barrier device?
gloves, mask, gowns, protective eyewear
During what precautions would you use a gown and gloves?
contact
A colostomy is a surgical creation of an opening between the ________________ and the _____________________?
colon, abdominal wall
What parts of the gown are considered sterile?
sleeves and from the waist up
How is an NG tube placement verified after insertion?
a chest x-ray
Is a sterile field aseptic or non-aseptic?
aseptic
What is the purpose of an oil cleansing enema?
It softens the stool
Mononucleosis is considered a virus or a bacteria?
virus
Hand washing employs which of the following methods of infection control? chemical, physical or sterile (may be more than one answer)
chemical and physical
A patient care technician is accidentally punctured with a contaminated needle. This type of transmission is known as: vector, fomite, virion or idiopathic
fomite
A person is bitten by a bat and develops histoplasmosis. This type of transmission is known as: fomite, vector, nosocomial or iatrogenic?
vector
How is it determined if a procedure is aseptic or non-aseptic?
whether the procedure breaks the skin of the patient or not
A patient should not drink fluids after a UGI study? T/F
False
A cleansing enema is used to promote ? mastication, deglutition, defecation ?
Defecation
Urinals are for patients who are not ambulatory? T or F
True
A Swanz catheter is what type of catheter? venous, Foley, intermittent?
venous
Who inserts a nasogastric tube? nurse, physician or family member?
nurse or physician
Using these hints, Name the chain of infection in order beginning with the Host? Mode of transmission, Host,Iinfectious microorganism, Reservoir.
Host, infectious microorganism, mode of transmission, reservoir
What are the two modes of direct transmission of a pathogen?
droplet and/or direct contact
The term that BEST describes the absolute removal of all life forms is?
sterilization
The establishment of infectious diseases involves 6 steps beginning with encounter and ending with outcome are?
encounter, entry, spread, multiplication, damage and outcome
The best method of preventing the spread of droplet infections is ? mask, staying home from work, gloves
mask
Microorganisms that cause infectious diseases are classified as ?
pathogenic
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