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Technology 2ESO: Machines
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What is a crank and slider mechanism?
It is the mechanism in which the rotary motion of the crank (driver) is converted to reciprocating linear motion in the connecting rod (driven)
In which everyday objects is the rack and pinion mechanism used?
corkscrew
What is a rick and pinion mechanism?
It consists of a toothed wheel (pinion) that meshes with a toothed bar (rack). The rotary motion of the pinion is converted to linear motion of the rack
What is a screw and nut mechanism?
A mechanism in which the rotary motion of the nut is converted to forward linear motion in tghe screw
Where are the worm gears typically used? Name an object
e.g. for tuning strings on musical instruments
Give an example of an everyday object where a chain and sprocket system is used?
bicycle
What is a worm gear?
This rotary transmission mechanism consists of a worm that is fitted to the driver shaft and toothed wheel (worm wheel) that is fitted to to the driven shaft
What are chain and sprocket systems?
The systems that consist of two toothed wheels (sprockets) separated by a distance and connected by a chain that meshes with the teeth of the two wheels
What are transmission belts are usually made of?
rubber
If you have a transmission system with friction wheel and you want the two wheels to rotate in the same direction, what do you need to do?
To insert a third wheel (idler or idle wheel) between them
What is a transmission ratio?
The ratio between the size of the wheels or gears and their speed of rotation
How do you call a mechanism consisting of two toothed wheels?
gears
How do you call a mechanism consisting of two wheels located one next to the other?
friction wheel
What is a hoist?
a set of moveable and fixed pulleys
What is a wheel with a grooved rim used to lift heavy weights?
Pulley
Can you formulate the law of lever?
E x Ae = R x Ar
How do you call a rigid bar that can pivot on a point of support and lift weight by applying force?
Lever
How do you call a mechanism that converts the movement from the driver element into a movement that the driven element can use?
Motion conversion mechanism
How do you call a mechanism that gets energy from the driver element and transfer it to a driven element?
motion transmission mechanism
What is oscillating motion?
the object moves backwards and forwards tracing a curve
What is reciprocating motion?
The object moves forwards and backwards in a straight line.
What is rotary motion?
object moves in circles
What is linear motion?
the object moves in a straight line
What is a driven element?
the component that receives the force produced in the machine
What is a driver element?
the component that feeds energy to a machine
What are the elements of a machine
Driving element, motion converting / transmitting element, driven element
How do you call a set of elements or parts that work together and use energy to perform a task and obtain a result
machine
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