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8th Grade Physics Review
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What is the speed of light?
299,792,458 m/s(exact) , 300,000 km/s, or 186,000 miles/s
The Sun produces enormous amounts of energy every second. What type of energy production happens inside the Sun?
Nuclear fusion.
If Earth suddenly stopped spinning, would the length of a day become shorter or longer?
Much longer. One day would last about one year.
A battery-powered flashlight is turned on. Put these energy types in order: Chemical Energy Light Energy Electrical Energy
Chemical → Electrical → Light
What would happen first if you fell toward a black hole: A) Freeze B) Burn C) Be stretched like spaghetti
C – Scientists call it "spaghettification."
Why doesn't the Moon fall onto Earth if gravity is pulling on it all the time?
The Moon is moving sideways fast enough to stay in orbit around Earth.
A meteor enters Earth's atmosphere and starts glowing red-hot. Where does the heat energy come from?
Kinetic energy is converted into heat due to friction and compression of the air.
If the Sun suddenly became a black hole of the same mass, what would happen to Earth's orbit?
Earth would continue orbiting almost exactly the same way. Gravity depends on mass, not whether the object is a star or black hole.
Astronauts on the International Space Station are constantly falling toward Earth. Why don't they crash?
They are moving sideways so fast that they keep missing Earth. This is called an orbit.
A rocket is sitting on the launch pad. Does it have kinetic energy, potential energy, both, or neither?
Potential energy. It is not moving, so it has no kinetic energy yet, but the fuel contains stored chemical energy and the rocket has gravitational potential ene
Imagine there was no friction anywhere on Earth for one day. Name two everyday activities that would become very difficult or impossible.
Walking, driving, braking, writing, climbing stairs, holding objects, riding a bicycle, etc.
A black car and a white car are parked in the Sun on a hot day. Which one will usually get hotter? Why?
The black car because dark colors absorb more light energy.
A bowling ball and a tennis ball are dropped from the same height on the Moon. Which hits the ground first?
They hit the ground at the same time because there is almost no air resistance on the Moon.
If gravity suddenly doubled, what would happen to your weight?
Your weight would double.
A force of 25 N moves an object 4 m. How much work is done?
100 J.
Which travels faster: sound or light?
Light.
Why can't we hear sound in space?
There is no medium (air) for sound to travel through.
What is refraction?
The bending of light when it moves between materials.
What happens when light hits a mirror?
It reflects.
How does light normally travel?
In straight lines.
What happens to potential energy when a ball falls?
It changes into kinetic energy.
What type of energy does an object high above the ground have?
Potential Energy.
What type of energy does a moving object have?
Kinetic Energy.
Why do high heels create more pressure than sneakers?
Smaller contact area.
What is pressure?
Force acting on an area.
Name three simple machines.
Any three: Lever, Pulley, Inclined Plane, Wheel and Axle, Screw, Wedge.
A force of 10 N moves an object 3 m. How much work is done?
30 J
What is the unit of work?
Joule (J).
What is mechanical work?
When a force moves an object.
Why do football players wear cleats?
To increase friction with the ground.
What is friction?
A force that opposes motion.
Why do race cars need special tires?
To increase friction and grip.
A car travels 120 km in 2 hours. What is its speed?
60 km/h.
What is speed?
Distance divided by time.
What is the SI unit of force?
Newton (N).
What force pulls objects toward Earth?
Gravity.
What is a force?
A push or a pull.
Why doesn't the bird get electrocuted?
It does not complete an electrical circuit.
Why do we see lightning before hearing thunder?
Light travels faster than sound
Why are tractor tires so wide?
To reduce pressure on the ground.
Why does the shadow form?
The object blocks light.
Why use a ramp instead of lifting directly?
Less force is needed.
Why is the astronaut floating?
Continuous free fall around Earth.
What energy is increasing as the cyclist goes downhill?
Kinetic Energy
Why is wearing a seatbelt important?
It stops your bodies inertia from continuing forward during a crash.
What simple machine helps lift the load?
Pulley
Why does the straw look bent?
Refraction
Why is a sharp knife easier to use?
A smaller area creates greater pressure.
Why doesn't the person sink deeply into the snow?
The large area reduces pressure.
What force slows the parachutist down?
Air Resistance
What type of energy is greatest at the top of the roller coaster?
Potential Energy
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