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Nature of Matter
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What happens to particles during diffusion?
They spread out until evenly distributed.
Explain the difference between a physical change and a chemical change.
A physical change does not create a new substance; a chemical change creates a new substance.
A balloon gets bigger when warmed. Why?
Gas particles move faster and spread out more.
Name two things that can speed up evaporation.
Higher temperature, larger surface area, wind, lower humidity
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
A student leaves a puddle of water outside. After a few days it disappears. What process occurred?
Evaporation
What state of matter is water at room temperature?
Liquid
What is a mixture?
Two or more substances physically combined.
Why are gases easy to compress?
There is lots of empty space between particles.
What happens to particle movement when temperature increases?
Particles move faster.
True or False: Particles in a solid do not move at all.
False (they vibrate in place)
Give one example of a physical change.
Melting ice, dissolving salt, tearing paper, boiling water
What is the process called when a gas changes directly into a liquid?
Condensation
Why can you smell perfume from across a room?
Diffusion – particles spread from high concentration to low concentration.
Which state of matter has no fixed shape or fixed volume?
Gas
What happens to particles when a solid melts?
They gain energy and move further apart.
Name one property of a liquid.
Takes the shape of its container / can flow / has a fixed volume
What is the process called when a liquid changes into a gas?
Evaporation (or vaporisation)
In which state of matter are particles packed closest together?
Solid
What is the smallest particle that still keeps the properties of an element?
Atom
What are the three common states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
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