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A patient shows slow heart rate, active digestion, and constricted pupils. Which system is dominant?
Parasympathetic nervous system.
What is the role of the autonomic nervous system in homeostasis?
It maintains stable internal conditions automatically.
Why does the sympathetic system increase breathing rate?
To supply more oxygen for energy and muscle activity.
What would happen if the parasympathetic system is overactive?
Low heart rate, increased digestion, possible weakness.
Why do sympathetic and parasympathetic systems have opposite effects?
To maintain balance (homeostasis) in the body.
A patient has increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and decreased digestion. Which system is activated?
Sympathetic nervous system.
Where does the parasympathetic system originate?
Brainstem and sacral region.
Where does the sympathetic nervous system originate?
Thoracic and lumbar spinal cord.
Which neurotransmitter is mainly used in the sympathetic system?
Norepinephrine.
Which neurotransmitter is mainly used in the parasympathetic system?
Acetylcholine.
What happens to digestion during parasympathetic activation?
It increases.
What happens to digestion during sympathetic activation and why?
It decreases because energy is redirected to muscles.
Why is the autonomic nervous system called involuntary?
Because it works without conscious control and regulates internal organs automatically.
What happens to pupils during sympathetic activation?
They dilate.
What happens to heart rate in the parasympathetic system?
It decreases.
What happens to heart rate in the sympathetic system?
It increases.
Which system is called “rest and digest”?
Parasympathetic system.
Which system is responsible for “fight or flight”?
Sympathetic system.
What type of functions does the autonomic nervous system control?
Involuntary functions.
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic.
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