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CHAPTER 2 & 3
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A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next.
myelin theath
Involved in preparing the body for behavior, particularly in response to stress, by activating the organs and the glands in the endocrine system. "fight or flight"
sympathetic division of the ANS
A division of the nervous system consisting of all nerves that are not part of the brain or spinal cord.
peripheral nervous system
what system consists of the brain and spinal cord
central nervous system (CNS)
A long bundle of neurons that carries messages between the body and the brain and is responsible for very fast, lifesaving reflexes
spinal cord
neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
motor (efferent) neurons
neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord
sensory (afferent) neurons
tends to calm the body by slowing the heart and breathing and by allowing the body to recover from the activities that the sympathetic system causes "rest and digest" (part of ANS)
parasympathetic division of the ANS
the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.
autonomic nervous system (ANS)
microscopic fluid-filled space between the axon terminal of one cell and the dendrites or surface of the next cell
Synapse (synaptic gap)
chemicals that transmit information from one neuron to another
neurotransmitters
its stable, negative charge when the cell is inactive (-70mV)
resting potential of a neuron
cell body
soma
transmit signals to the dendrites
axon terminal (terminal buttons)
the network of nerve cells and fibers which transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.
nervous system
fiber attached to the soma, its job is to carry messages out to the other cells
axon
a nerve cell in the nervous sytem
neuron
The pathway from the retina to the brain that enables us to see is rods and cones to bipolar cells to ganglion cells to optic nerve.
TRUE
The cerebrum is divided into two hemispheres that control opposite sides of the body.
TRUE
The occipital lobes contain the visual cortex, where visual signals are processed.
TRUE
Myelin not only insulates the neuron, it also slows down the neural message helping with transmission of messages traveling down the axon.
FALSE
One function of the nervous system is to send information to and receive information from all parts of the body.
TRUE
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