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Which suspect committed the crime?
Suspect 2
What do restriction enzymes do?
The cut DNA at specific locations
Explain the process of PCR
Heating separates the DNA strands, then the mixture is cooled so primers may bind, then the mixture it heated to allow taq polymerase to synthesis new strands
What are the three factors that increase mutation rates
ionising radiation, mutagenetic chemicals, viruses
What effect does acetylation have on gene expression
increases gene expression
What effect does methylation have on gene expression
lowers gene expression
Explain the cause of the plateau in this enzyme catalysed reaction?
All the enzymes are being used
What is this enzymes optimum tempreature?
40 degrees
Describe how a competitive inhibitor lowers enzyme activity
The inhibitor binds to the active site preventing the substrate from binding
How do increase reaction rate
By lowering activation energy
Describe the induced fit model
When substrates bind to the active site, the interactions between them cause the enzyme to slightly change shape producing a perfect fit
What are the two most common shapes that make up the secondary structure?
alpha-helix & beta-sheets
What direction is DNA read?
5' to 3'
This is an image of?
tRNA
Describe the process of protein synthesis that occurs in the nucleus
RNA polymerase binds to the template DNA strand and synthesises a complementary mRNA strand. Introns are spliced out to form the mature mRNA
Describe the process of protein synthesis that occurs in the cytoplasm
At the ribosome the mRNA codons are matched with tRNA anticodons. This allows the tRNA to deposit the correct amino acid into the polypeptide.
Complete the Table
R1: UCU, AGA. R2: GCC, GCC, R3: CTG, GAC
What is the name of B?
Nitrogen Base
What is the name of A?
Phosphate Group
What is the name of C?
Deoxyribose Sugar
DNA replication is a "semi-conservative' process. What does this mean?
The new DNA is made of one old strand and one new strand
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