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Thermal Energy Review
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What will happen to a cup of iced water if it's left at room temperature?
It will warm up to room temperature because of thermal equilibrium
You are holding an ice cube and it melts in your hand. What type of heat transfer is occurring?
Conduction.
If you place a hot cup of coffee on a table, what will eventually happen to the temperature of the coffee?
The coffee will cool down until it reaches thermal equilibrium with the surrounding air.
What is thermal equilibrium?
The state in which two objects in contact with each other reach the same temperature and heat transfer stops.
Which travels by radiation: heat from the Sun, heat through a metal rod, or heat through boiling water?
Heat from the Sun.
Why can you feel the heat from a campfire even if you're not touching it?
Heat is transferred through radiation.
How does the Sun transfer heat to the Earth?
Through radiation.
What is radiation?
Transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.
What is convection?
Transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids and gases).
When you touch a metal spoon in a pot of hot soup, why does the spoon feel hot?
Heat is transferred from the soup to the spoon through conduction.
What is conduction?
Transfer of heat through direct contact between particles.
A cool breeze forms when the warm air from the ground rises and cooler air moves in to take its place
Convection.
When lying on the sand at the beach, your body feels warm as heat transfers from the sand to you
Conduction.
You feel heat from a light bulb when you place your hand close to it
Radiation.
Heat from a radiator moves around the room and warms the air
Convection.
You accidentally touch a hot stove burner and immediately pull your hand away
Conduction.
The metal buckle on a seatbelt becomes hot after being in the sun all day
Radiation.
When you sit near a window on a cold day, the glass feels cold to the touch
Conduction.
You feel heat from a space heater across the room without directly touching it
Radiation.
You pick up a hot mug of coffee, and the heat travels to your hand
Conduction.
You feel the warmth from the Sun on your skin during a sunny day
Radiation.
Warm air from a heater rises to the ceiling, while cooler air sinks to the floor
Convection.
You touch the handle of a hot iron, and your hand feels the heat immediately
Conduction.
When you boil water on the stove, the water moves in a circular pattern as it heats up. It's traveling in a current.
Convection.
The Sun warms a rock in the park. This is an example of what heat transfer?
Radiation.
You step out of a swimming pool on a hot day, and the ground feels warm on your bare feet
Conduction.
A metal spoon is left in a pot of hot soup, and the handle becomes warm
Conduction.
You place your hand near a campfire and feel the heat without touching the flames
Radiation.
The water in a swimming pool is warmer near the surface and much cooler near the bottom. What type of thermal transfer is this?
convection
Warm and cold water circulating in a pot on the stove is an example of -
convection
The transfer of heat energy from a campfire to a camper warming their hands, is an example of -
radiation
A transfer of heat occurs while ironing a shirt. This is what type of thermal heat transfer?
Conduction
Hot air rising and cold air sinking is an example of -
convection
A metal spoon getting hot in a pan on the stove is an example of -
conduction
While roasting marshmallows the wire handle becomes hot. This is an example of -
Conduction
Beach sand being warmed by the sun is an example of heat transfer through -
Radiation
One example of convection is:
Will vary.
True or False: Heat flows from warmer objects to cooler objects until both reach the same temperature.
True
Sunlight warming a room is an example of
radiation
The three ways to transfer heat energy -
conduction, radiation and convection
True or False: The faster particles move in matter, the cooler the matter is.
False
One example of radiation is when –
Any answer that shows the transfer of energy by electromagnetic rays which may occur in empty space.
Potatoes that are boiled in water receive thermal energy through –
Convection
Heat energy is transferred to a beaker of water on a heated hot plate by –
Conduction
True or False: Heat transfer happens when some energy moves from one object to another object.
True
The average kinetic energy of all the particles in a material, measured by a thermometer in degrees.
temperature
Conduction between two objects can only occur when –
both objects are in physical contact with each other
Give an example of conduction.
Any answer that shows the transfer of heat by direct contact.
The transfer of energy by electromagnetic rays which may occur in empty space.
radiation
What type of current creates a cyclical motion that occurs because the density of a fluid is related to its temperature, causing sinking and rising of the fluid, creating a circular pattern..
convection curent
What law states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, energy just changes form?
the law of conservation of energy
The energy transferred between two objects of different temperatures.
heat
The transfer of thermal energy from one place to another by the movement of fluids, which occurs on a large scale in atmospheric gases, occeans and earth’s mantle.
convection
Regarding thermal energy, the faster the tiny particles of matter move, the colder the matter becomes. (True or False)
False
The transfer of thermal energy that occurs in solids, liquids and gases when two substances of different temperatures touch.
conduction
The total kinetic energy of tiny particles that make up matter is –
thermal energy
If two objects are made of the same material, are the same temperature but different sizes (large and small) what object will have greater thermal energy?
The larger object
When an object's molecules slow down, what happens to the temperature of that object?
The temperature of the object will decrease
What happens to energy when molecules collide?
Energy transfers from the molecule with more energy to the molecule with less energy
True or False: Thermal energy is the total amount of kinetic energy in an object's molecules
True
True or False: Temperature is the average speed of an objects molecules
True
True or False: As the temperature of an object increases, its thermal energy also increases
True
When a solid begins to melt, are its molecules moving faster or slower?
Faster. (The solid molecules are gaining a lot of kinetic energy)
Over time, these two cups will both be the same temperature as the room. What is it called when all of the molecules will be moving at the same speed?
Equilibrium
Over time, what cup will gain thermal energy from the air around it?
Cup 2 because it is a lower temperature than the air in the room. Thermal energy flows from areas of high temperature to areas of low temperature.
Over time, what cup will loose thermal energy to the air around it? Why?
Cup 1 because it is a higher temperature than the air in the room. Thermal energy flows from areas of high temperature to low temperature
Balloon 1 and Balloon 2 are filled with the same amount of air. The air in Balloon 1 is cooled so that it is at a lower temperature than the air in Balloon 2. The air in which of these balloons has less thermal energy?
The air in balloon 1 has less thermal energy
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