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Formation of Sedimentary rocks
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How long does it usually take for sedimentary rocks to form?
 
Millions of years
 
A few minutes
 
One day
Why are sedimentary rocks useful to study Earth’s history?
 
They contain layers and fossils
 
They are very hot
 
They are always shiny
What happens if sediments are not cemented?
 
They stay loose
 
They turn into magma
 
They become crystals
Which environment often forms sedimentary rocks?
 
Rivers and seas
 
Volcanoes
 
Earth’s core
What causes compaction to happen?
 
Weight of upper layers
 
Wind movement
 
Sunlight
Which step comes last in forming sedimentary rocks?
 
Cementation
 
Weathering
 
Erosion
Which step comes first in forming sedimentary rocks?
 
Weathering
 
Compaction
 
Cementation
Why are fossils usually found in sedimentary rocks?
 
They form in layers gently
 
They form from lava
 
They form under extreme heat
What do fossils show?
 
Past living things
 
Melted rocks
 
Volcano locations
Which sedimentary rock forms from shells of sea animals?
 
Limestone
 
Pumice
 
Gabbro
Which sedimentary rock forms from sand?
 
Sandstone
 
Marble
 
Obsidian
Which rock is a sedimentary rock?
 
Sandstone
 
Granite
 
Basalt
How are sedimentary rocks usually arranged?
 
In layers
 
In crystals
 
In bubbles
Which material often acts as natural cement?
 
Minerals
 
Plastic
 
Air
What is cementation?
 
Minerals sticking sediments together
 
Sediments turning to lava
 
Water breaking rocks
What helps glue sediments together?
 
Cementation
 
Evaporation
 
Freezing
What is compaction?
 
Sediments being pressed together
 
Sediments melting
 
Sediments breaking apart
Which force presses sediment layers together?
 
Pressure
 
Light
 
Sound
What is deposition?
 
Dropping of sediments
 
Eating of rocks
 
Burning of rocks
What happens to sediments after they settle?
 
They form layers
 
They melt
 
They turn into magma
Where do sediments usually settle?
 
At the bottom of rivers seas or lakes
 
Inside volcanoes
 
Deep inside the mantle
What process moves sediments from one place to another?
 
Erosion
 
Condensation
 
Crystallization
Which process breaks rocks into smaller pieces?
 
Weathering
 
Melting
 
Eruption
What are sediments?
 
Small pieces of rock and other materials
 
Melted rock inside Earth
 
Hot flowing lava
What is a sedimentary rock?
 
A rock formed from sediments
 
A rock formed from lava
 
A rock formed by heat and pressure