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National 5 Biology 1.4 Proteins
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What type of reaction is shown in the diagram?
 
Degradation
 
Synthesis
What is the optimum pH of the enzyme?
 
8
 
2
 
6
 
10
Enzymes are ………...
 
biological catalysts
 
Non-biological catalysts
Which of these is a correct description of enzymes?
 
speed up cellular reactions, unchanged and made by all living cells
 
slow down cellular reactions, unchanged and made by all living cells
 
speed up cellular reactions, changed and made by all living cells
 
speed up cellular reactions, changed and made by all dead cells
What feature of an enzyme is shown in the diagram?
 
The shape of the active site is complementary to its specific substrate
 
The shape of the active site is complementary to its specific product
 
The shape of the active site is different to its specific substrate
 
The shape of the active site is different to its specific product
What are the products produced when fats are broken down by Lipase?
 
Fatty acids and glycerol
 
Peptides
 
Oxygen and water
 
Maltose
What does the variety of protein shapes and functions depend on?
 
the sequence of amino acids
 
the sequence of bases
 
the sequence of glucose molecules
 
the sequence of fatty acids
What are the two types of enzyme reaction?
 
degradation and synthesis
 
degradation and diffusion
 
degradation and osmosis
 
diffusion and osmosis
What happens to the active site when enzymes are denatured?
 
Changes shape
 
Substrate binds
What are the 2 conditions that affect enzymes?
 
temperature and pH
 
temperature and hormones
 
receptors and pH
 
receptors and hormones
What name is given to the enzyme that breaks down protein into peptides?
 
Pepsin
 
Amylase
 
Catalase
 
Lipase
What name is given to the molecules at the end of an enzyme reaction?
 
Products
 
Substrates
 
Catalysts
 
Proteins
What is special about the active site?
 
The active site is complementary to its specific substrate
 
The active site is the same as its specific substrate
What type of enzyme reaction is shown in the diagram?
 
Synthesis
 
Degradation
Which enzyme is used to build up Glucose-1-Phosphate into Starch?
 
Phosphorylase
 
Amylase
 
Catalase
 
Pepsin
What happens to an enzyme once its temperature or pH goes beyond the optimum level?
 
It denatures and enzyme activity decreases
 
It denatures and enzyme activity increases
What is the name given to the conditions that an enzyme is most active at?
 
Optimum
 
Denatured
 
Degradation
 
Specific
Which enzyme is specific to Hydrogen Peroxide?
 
Catalase
 
Amylase
 
Phosphorylase
 
Pepsin
What does the enzyme amylase break down starch into?
 
Maltose
 
Peptides
 
Glucose
 
Glycerol
Name the type of build-up reactions that enzymes are involved in and describe these reactions.
 
Synthesis. Small molecules are built up into large molecules.
 
Degradation. A large molecule is broken down into smaller molecules.
Building up smaller molecules into a larger molecule is an example of a …………………...
 
Synthesis Reaction
 
Degradation Reaction
Breaking down a large molecule into smaller molecules is an example of a …………….
 
Degradation Reaction
 
Synthesis Reaction
What name is given to the site where the enzyme and substrate bind?
 
Active Site
 
Enzyme Site
 
Product Site
 
Catalyst Site
Enzymes bind to a ...………...….
 
Specific Substrate
 
Specific Product
 
Non-Specific Substrate
 
Non-Specific Product
What are the 5 functions of proteins?
 
structural, enzymes, hormones, antibodies and receptors
 
diffusion, enzymes, hormones, antibodies and receptors
 
osmosis, genes, hormones, antibodies and receptors
 
structural, enzymes, hormones, antibodies and osmosis
Proteins are made from chains of …………….
 
Amino Acids
 
DNA
 
mRNA
 
Ribosomes
Name the type of breakdown reactions that enzymes are involved in and describe these reactions.
 
Degradation. A large molecule is broken down into smaller molecules.
 
Synthesis. Small molecules are built up into large molecules.
What forms to facilitate an enzyme reaction?
 
An enzyme-substrate complex
 
A protein
 
An active site
 
A biological catalyst
Enzymes are composed of …………….
 
Protein
 
Fat
 
Carbohydrate
 
Starch
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