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Italian Communes VS the German Holy Roman Empire
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The General Oath Councilc was responsible for the military defense of the city only. T or F?
FALSE! It governed the city, minted currency, set fees, collected taxes, and administered justice).
In modern Italian communes, the Town Council (consiglio comunale) is responsible for handling specific tasks, such as traffic or education, while the councilors (assessori) act as a small "parliament. T or F?
FALSE! The Town Council acts as a small "parliament," and the councilors handle specific tasks.
The two consuls were unable to be impartial and tended to favor specific local factions. T or F?
TRUE!
At the end of his 6-month or one-year mandate, the podestĂ  was examined by a delegation of citizens and would receive his salary only if he was reconfirmed. T or F?
TRUE!
Initially, only the Nobility and the rich bourgeoisie made political decisions, but the small bourgeoisie eventually gained political privileges following violent clashes. T or F?
TRUE!
The modern Italian Commune is a small independent State, just like the medieval Commune. T or F?
FALSE! Its powers are limited by the Constitution and the laws made by the Italian State.
Cities in Northern Europe often rebelled against their rulers to become independent States, just like the Italian Communes did. T or F?
FALSE! European cities did not rebel.
In the 13th century, the podestĂ  (mayor) had to come from a foreign city so that he could be impartial and not favor anyone. T or F?
TRUE!
The most important Communes mentioned in the text are Naples, Rome, Milan, and Florence. T or F?
FALSE! Rome and Naples are not included in the list of the most important Communes.
The Communes arose around 1100, when cities began to organize themselves economically, culturally, and politically. T or F?
TRUE!
The Guelfs were those who wanted to stay independent. T or F?
TRUE!
The Popes continued to rule over Southern Italy, although there were many fights. T or F?
FALSE! The Popes continued to rule central Italy.
The Ghibellines were those who wanted to remain independent from the Holy Roman Emperors. T or F?
FALSE! The Ghibellines wanted to be part of the Holy Roman Empire.
Throughout the Low Middle Ages, Northern Italy was divided into a large number of small independent city-states. T or F?
TRUE!
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