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Unit 12 Part 1
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In proximity measurement, what variable is directly proportional to the electromagnetic field strength
 
Distance from the probe tip to the target surface
 
Shaft imbalance
 
Lubrication pressure
 
Bearing temperature
What is the basic principle of proximity measurement
What does the RF signal from the proximitor do at the probe tip
 
Produces an electromagnetic field
 
Increases shaft alignment
 
Generates lubrication pressure
 
Reduces bearing load
hat does the proximitor’s electronic circuitry produce when the proper voltage is applied?
 
An RF signal
 
A mechanical vibration
 
A thermal wave
 
A static charge
What type of signal generator is a proximitor
 
Radio Frequency (RF) signal generator
 
Direct current (DC) generator
 
Alternating current (AC) generator
 
Sound wave generator
As the target surface moves away from the probe tip, what happens to the electromagnetic field strength
 
It increases
 
It decreases
 
It disappears completely
 
It remains unchanged
What happens to the eddy current when the target surface moves away from the probe tip
 
It decreases
 
It increases
 
It stays constant
 
It reverses direction
What does the change in current flowing through the probe coil indicate
 
gap between the probe tip and the conducting material
 
The vibration frequency
 
speed of shaft rotation
 
load on the bearings
What is another name for proximity probes
 
Eddy current probes
 
Piezoelectric probes
 
Seismic velocity probes
 
RMS detectors
The output of the preamplifier in a proximity probe is proportional to
 
displacement between the probe tip and a conducting surface
 
frequency of vibration
 
load on the shaft
 
tension in the belt
What does the coil in a proximity probe produce
 
An electromagnetic field
 
A sound wave
 
A hydraulic pressure
 
A thermal signal
What does a proximity probe consist of
 
coil of wire wound around metal rod connected to preamplifie
 
A magnet attached to a rotating shaft
 
A sleeve bearing filled with oil
 
A tension meter attached to a belt
What tool is recommended to check the tension of drive belts
 
Tension meter
 
Tachometer
 
Lubrication gauge
 
Vibration probe
What can insufficient lubrication between a shaft and a sleeve bearing cause
 
Vibration
 
Reduced machine speed
 
Perfect alignment
 
Lower energy consumption
What can happen if loose mounting bolts are not corrected
 
Complete destruction of related equipment
 
Increased lubrication efficiency
 
Reduced vibration levels
 
Improved shaft alignment
How do worn bearings affect machine vibration
 
They increase the amount of vibration
 
They decrease the vibration amplitude
 
They have no effect on vibration
 
They completely eliminate vibration
Which condition causes a shaft to move inside its bearings and contact the bearing walls
 
Out of balance
 
Axial movement
 
Proper lubrication
 
Radial misalignment
What type of misalignment is shown in the diagram
 
Offset misalignment
 
Angular misalignment
 
Radial misalignment
 
Shaft balancing
What type of misalignment is shown in the diagram
 
Angular misalignment
 
Offset misalignment
 
Radial misalignment
 
Shaft balancing
What is misalignment in rotating equipment
 
driver and driven device have different centers of rotation
 
shaft moves toward and away from its bearings
 
machine vibrates relative to free space
 
shaft rotates at a very high frequency
Which device is used to measure the movement of the machine itself (absolute vibration)
 
Seismic velocity transducer
 
Accelerometer
 
Micrometer
 
Proximity probe
What does absolute vibration describe
 
vibration of shaft and the machine relative to free space
 
movement of the shaft inside the bearing
 
The twisting of the shaft around its axis
 
The distance between negative and positive peaks
What does relative vibration describe
 
The movement of a shaft inside the bearing
 
The vibration of the shaft and the machine relative to free
 
The twisting of the shaft around its axis
 
The movement of the shaft toward a fixed reference point
Why is monitoring axial (thrust) movement important
 
excessive axial motion can cause serious machine damage
 
reduces the machine’s operating noise
 
lowers the machine’s power consumption
 
increases lubrication efficiency
What does axial (thrust) movement describe?
 
movement of a shaft in the direction of its axis of rotation
 
The small movement of a shaft toward and away
 
The twisting motion of the shaft
 
The vibration of the machine relative to free space
Where is the fixed reference point located when measuring radial vibration
 
In the bearing wall
 
On the motor casing
 
At the shaft coupling
 
On the drive belt
What does radial vibration describe?
 
small movement of a shaft toward and away from its bearings
 
The movement of a shaft along its axis
 
The vibration of the machine relative to free space
 
The twisting motion of a rotating shaft
Which vibration characteristic indicates the rotor’s position at a specific moment
 
Phase Angle
 
Amplitude
 
Frequency
 
Root Mean Square (RMS)
What does the phase angle of vibration describe
 
The location of the rotor at a particular instant
 
The magnitude of the vibration
 
The speed of the vibration
 
The distance from peak to peak
What does Root Mean Square (RMS) represent in vibration
 
square root of the average of the squared values of waveform
 
The maximum movement of the wave from zero
 
The distance from a negative peak to a positive peak
 
The number of cycles per second
In what unit is vibration frequency commonly measured
 
Cycles per second (cps)
 
Volts (V)
 
Newtons (N)
 
Degrees (°)
What does the frequency of vibration represent
 
How fast a machine is vibrating
 
The size of the vibration
 
The distance between peaks of a wave
 
The power consumed by the machine
What does Peak-to-Peak (Pk-Pk) measure in vibration
 
The distance from a negative peak to a positive peak
 
The average squared value of the waveform
 
The maximum movement of the wave from zero
 
The number of cycles per second
What does Peak Amplitude (Pk) represent in vibration?
 
The maximum movement of the wave from zero
 
The total distance from a negative peak to a positive peak
 
The square root of the average squared values of the wavefor
 
The frequency of the wave in cycles per second
What does amplitude represent in vibration
 
The magnitude of the vibration
 
The direction of the vibration
 
The speed of the vibration
 
The angle of the vibration
What is vibration?
 
A rapid back-and-forth movement
 
A rapid machine movement
 
A rapid running movement
 
A slow circular motion around a shaft
What is one purpose of the data acquisition system
 
To provide early warning and collect diagnostic data
 
To perform emergency shutdowns
 
To control shaft alignment
 
To generate high-pressure gas
What does the emergency shutdown system do
 
Performs an emergency shutdown in dangerous situations
 
Adjusts the vibration amplitude
 
Reduces noise levels
 
Starts data acquisition
When does the alarm system activate
 
When the machine is not running properly
 
When the machine is perfectly balanced
 
When the power supply is turned off
 
When the shaft speed increases
What is one of the roles of the monitoring rack
 
To receive and condition transducer signals and send outputs
 
To provide mechanical alignment
 
To control the lubrication flow
 
To replace damaged gears
What is the function of transducers in vibration monitoring systems
 
They sense vibration and convert it into an electrical signa
 
They generate electricity for the machine
 
They increase the shaft rotation speed
 
They lubricate the bearings automatically
What action can equipment vibration monitoring systems take when problems arise
 
Automatically shutdown the equipment
 
Speed up the machine
 
Increase the shaft rotation
 
Improve lubrication by itself
What is one main purpose of equipment vibration monitoring systems?
 
To provide early warning of mechanical problems
 
To increase machine noise
 
To reduce the machine size
 
To replace worn-out belts automatically
What is a good method of determining the condition of rotating equipment?
 
Measuring the vibration produced during operation
 
Checking the oil level
 
Observing the paint color of the machine
 
Monitoring the power supply voltage
Which of the following can endanger equipment and personnel when vibration problems occur?
 
Broken parts, belts, and gears
 
Increased lubrication
 
Extra cooling systems
 
Improved shaft alignment
What can happen if a machine vibrates excessively and forces are not under control?
 
Severe damage and release of high-pressure gases
 
The machine becomes more efficient
 
Reduction in noise level
 
The equipment automatically self-repairs
What happens when rotating equipment is operating properly?
 
Forces and energy levels remain under control
 
Forces and energy levels become uncontrolled
 
The shaft speed gradually decreases
 
The machine stops moving completely
What do electric motors, pumps, compressors, and turbines have in common?
 
They all contain a high-speed rotating shaft
 
They all operate at very low speed
 
They do not require electrical power
 
They produce no vibration during operation
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