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Geography: Volcanoes
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A volcanic eruption can have catastrophic consequences depending on what two things?
Strength and length of the eruption
What makes volcanic soil so attractive for farming?
It is very fertile
Forces from inside the Earth can cause volcanic eruptions. What are they called?
Endogenous forces
What nearly destroyed the village of Zafferana in 2001?
Lava flow
What do magma chambers underneath Etna do almost every year?
Empty themselves
What shoots high into the air during volcanic eruptions?
Ash
How many people live near Mount Etna?
About one million
What destroyed an important road during the Eyjafjallajökull eruption?
Meltwater
How large was the uninhabited area covered by lava in Iceland?
About 3 km²
When did the last eruption of Eyjafjallajökull take place?
From March till July 2010
Why are densely populated regions more vulnerable during eruptions?
Because more people, houses, and infrastructure are affected.
What does magma turn into when it erupts from a volcano?
Lava
Name one type of land use around Etna.
Pasture/Fruit & vegetable cultivation/Woodland/Vineyards/City/Airport/Railways/Ski lifts
Is the population density near Etna high or low?
High
Etna is the most active volcano in Europe. True or False?
True
What threatens ski lifts and hotels on Etna?
Lava flows
Which Italian city’s airport often has to close because of Etna’s eruptions?
Catania
Why did 200 people and animals from 20 farms have to be evacuated in Iceland?
Because lava and meltwater destroyed the land
What natural feature lies on top of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano?
A glacier
How thick was the layer of ash covering Icelandic fields after Eyjafjallajökull erupted?
About 15 cm
The eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in 2010 closed airports all over Europe. True or false?
True
What are endogenous forces?
Forces from inside the Earth
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