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What is the main reason for the male-to-female imbalance in China’s population? A) Higher male birth rates naturally B) Selective abortion and female infanticide C) Migration of females D) Longer female life expectancy
B) Selective abortion and female infanticide.
How did China’s One Child Policy affect the population pyramid in terms of gender?
It created a gender imbalance with more males than females due to cultural preference for sons and restrictions on family size.
How might war or a natural disaster change the shape of a population pyramid?
It can reduce certain age or sex groups, creating gaps or imbalances in the pyramid.
How can government policies, like family planning programs, affect the shape of a population pyramid?
They can reduce birth rates, leading to a narrower base over time.
What does a very narrow top in a population pyramid usually indicate?
Few older people, low life expectancy.
True or False: A population pyramid with a very wide top indicates an ageing population.
True
True or False: The horizontal bars of a population pyramid represent age groups.
False (they represent population size; vertical axis is age).
Which axis of a population pyramid shows age groups? A) Horizontal B) Vertical
B) Vertical
Why might a developing country have an expansive population pyramid?
High birth rates, declining infant mortality, limited access to contraception.
What can population pyramids tell us about a country’s future population needs?
Ageing population → more healthcare/retirement support; Young population → more schools/jobs needed.
Compare the shapes of an expansive and a contractive pyramid.
Expansive: wide base, pyramid shape; Contractive: narrow base, top-heavy shape.
Which type of population pyramid often indicates high death rates among older people? A) Expansive B) Contractive C) Stationary
A) Expansive
Give an example of a country with a stationary population pyramid.
Australia, Us, Sweden.
What is a stationary population pyramid?
A pyramid with roughly equal size cohorts, showing stable population growth. Typical of developed countries.
Give an example of a country with a contractive population pyramid.
Germany, Japan, Italy.
What is a contractive population pyramid?
A pyramid with a narrow base, showing low birth rates and population decline. Typical of highly developed countries.
Give an example of a country with an expansive population pyramid.
Nigeria, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh.
What is an expansive population pyramid?
A pyramid with a wide base, showing high birth rates and rapid population growth and a narrow apex.
What does a narrow base in a population pyramid indicate?
Low birth rates, fewer young people, developed country.
True or False: A wide base in a population pyramid indicates a high proportion of young people.
True.
What does a population pyramid show?
A graphical representation of a population’s age and sex structure.
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