AP PSYCH: Review Ch. 11 & 1 | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which the recipient assumes is an active agent.

placebo

A measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other. The correlation coefficient is the mathematical expression of the relationship, ranging from -1 to +1j

Correlation

A technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of people, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of them

survey

An observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles

case study

A sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion

Random sampling

Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance ,thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups

Random assignment

A research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effects on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).

Experiment

The perspective through which it is believed different traits within any individual are a result of our ancestors adapting for survival and reproduction

Evolutionary perspective

The type of psychological perspective where it is believed humans behave the way they do because of the environment around us

Sociocultural perspective

Type of psychological perspective where people believe that people behave the way they do because of logical thought

Cognitive perspective

Type of psychological perspective in which the reason human beings behave the way they behave is due to past experiences(traumatic) -studied by Sigmund Freud

Psychoanalytic

Changing one's behavior at the direct order of an authority figure.

Obedience

Type of information processing that involves attending to the conent of the message itself (type of persuasion)

Central route processing

when someone evaluates a message, such as an advertisement, on the basis of physical attractiveness, background music, or other surface-level characteristics rather than the actual content of the message (type of persuasion)

Peripheral route processing

the concept that people are prone to exert less effort on a task if they are in a group versus when they work alone

Social loafing

Prosocial behavior that is done with no expectation/reward and may involve risk of harm to oneself

Altruism

refers to the tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members.

Group polarization

type of reciprocity norm where someone does a favor for you, you feel obligated to repay them

And-that's-not-all technique

occurs when an individual acts in a less positive way or performs worse when they are around others

Social impairment

Change of behavior to match a group

Conformity

When people change their behavior as a result of another person or group asking or directing them to change

Compliance

The process by which one person tries to change the belief, opinion, position, or course of action of another person through argument, pleading, or explanation

Persuasion

the middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it

Median

average; when you add up all scores and divide by the number of scores

Mean

a descriptive technique of observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation

Naturalistic observations

An experiment in which neither the participant nor the researcher knows whether the participant has received the treatment or the placebo

Double-blind study

the phenomenon when the behavior of the participants will be changed because of being in an experiment

Hawthorne Effect

explains mental disorders as the result of interactions among biological, psychological, and social factors

Biopsychosocial perspective

A psychological perspective that focused on human potential and achievements

Humanism