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Ionic and Covalent bonding
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Multiple Choice: Which is a covalent compound? A) NaCl B) H₂O C) MgO D) CaCl₂
B) H₂O
In NH₃, how many lone pairs does nitrogen have?
1 lone pair
Which type of covalent bond is strongest: single, double, or triple?
Triple
What does the "octet rule" mean?
Atoms try to have 8 electrons in their outer shell.
Which type of covalent bond is found in nitrogen gas (N₂)?
Triple bond
Which covalent molecule has the formula CO₂?
Carbon dioxide
True or False: Covalent compounds usually conduct electricity.
False
Oxygen (O₂) is an example of what type of bond?
Double bond
What type of covalent bond involves three shared pairs of electrons?
Triple bond
What type of covalent bond involves two shared pairs of electrons?
Double bond
Which element always forms 4 covalent bonds?
Carbon
How many bonds are in a water molecule (H₂O)?
2 single bonds
Covalent bonds usually form between what types of elements?
Two non-metals
True or False: Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons.
True
Which compound is ionic? A) H₂O B) CO₂ C) NaCl D) CH₄
C) NaCl
Which type of ion is formed when an atom gains electrons?
Anion (negative ion)
Which element in MgO gains electrons?
Oxygen
Potassium reacts with oxygen. What is the formula of the compound formed?
K₂O
What is the electron configuration of Na⁺?
2,8
Why are noble gases generally unreactive?
They already have full outer shells.
What is the formula of calcium chloride?
CaCl₂
True or False: Ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water.
True
Ionic compounds usually have high or low melting points?
High
Lithium and fluorine bond. What is the formula of the compound?
LiF
What is the charge on a magnesium ion when it forms an ionic compound?
2+
What ion does chlorine (Cl) form in NaCl?
Cl⁻ (chloride ion)
Sodium (Na) has 1 valence electron. In ionic bonding, will sodium lose or gain electrons?
Lose 1 electron
Which type of ion is negatively charged?
Anion
Which type of ion is positively charged?
Cation
What happens to electrons in an ionic bond?
They are transferred from metal to non-metal.
True or False: Ionic bonds form between metals and non-metals.
True
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