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Which therapy teaches clients with OCD to face their fears while avoiding compulsive behaviors?

Exposure and Response Prevention (EX/RP)

What is the first-line pharmacologic treatment for most anxiety and OCD disorders?

SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)

Which level of anxiety causes a narrowed perceptual field and selective inattention?

Moderate anxiety

A client on both sertraline (Zoloft) and lithium should be monitored closely for which serious condition?

Serotonin Syndrome

What does the acronym “SIGECAPS” help nurses remember?

The diagnostic symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder

Which neurotransmitter imbalance is most commonly linked to both depression and anxiety?

Serotonin

How long do SSRIs take to become effective for anxiety or OCD?

Typically 4–6 weeks; 8–12 weeks for OCD

Which antidepressants are also used to treat anxiety?

SSRIs and SNRIs

What is the most concerning risk of benzodiazepine use?

Dependence and withdrawal

What is the difference between social anxiety and specific phobia?

Social anxiety involves fear of social situations; phobia is fear of a specific object or situation

What type of psychotherapy is effective across all anxiety disorders?

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Which medication may be used off-label for stage fright?

Propranolol (a beta-blocker)

What are common physical symptoms of panic attacks?

Palpitations, sweating, trembling, chest pain, dizziness

Which anxiety disorder involves fear of being in crowds or public places?

Agoraphobia

What medication class is preferred short-term for acute anxiety?

Benzodiazepines

Name one screening tool that is used to assess anxiety severity.

GAD-7, Hamilton, Beck's

What is Exposure and Response Prevention (EX/RP) used to treat?

OCD

What is a key feature of Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

Excessive worry occurring more days than not for at least 6 months

What disorder includes intrusive thoughts and ritualistic behaviors?

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Name the four levels of anxiety.

Mild, Moderate, Severe, Panic

What is the difference between fear and anxiety?

Fear is a response to a real threat; anxiety is a vague, future-oriented dread

What is the first-line pharmacological treatment for depression?

SSRIs

What brain regions are involved in mood regulation?

Hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, hypothalamus

What differentiates depression from normal grief?

Depression is persistent, with worthlessness and suicidality; grief is episodic with preserved self-esteem

What are common causes of serotonin syndrome?

Mixing SSRIs with MAOIs, triptans, or other serotonergic agents

What therapy is most effective for peripartum depression?

CBT, SSRIs, or a combination

Which disorder is associated with the mnemonic DIGFAST?

Bipolar disorder (mania symptoms)

What are signs of lithium toxicity?

Nausea, tremor, confusion, ataxia, seizures

Which mood stabilizer has a narrow therapeutic range?

Lithium

What side effects are associated with TCAs?

Anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, constipation), sedation, cardiac risks

Define mania in terms of duration and symptoms.

Elevated/irritable mood and increased energy lasting at least one week

Which antidepressant is known for minimal sexual side effects?

Bupropion (Wellbutrin)

What is the black box warning for all antidepressants?

Increased risk of suicidal ideation in children and young adults

Name one major difference between bipolar I and bipolar II disorder.

Bipolar I includes full manic episodes; Bipolar II includes hypomania only

What neurotransmitter is primarily targeted by SSRIs?

Serotonin

What does SIGECAPS stand for in depression assessment?

Sleep, Interest, Guilt, Energy, Concentration, Appetite, Psychomotor, Suicide