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11.4 USHG - Civil War and Reconstruction
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The long-term impact of Reconstruction was
 
Constitutional changes that laid groundwork for future
 
Equal rights achieved by 1880
 
The South remained isolated from the Union
 
A permanent Republican majority in Congress
The Compromise of 1877 resulted in
 
The end of Reconstruction
 
A new voting amendment
 
The expansion of the Freedmen’s Bureau
 
A split of the Republican Party
The Ku Klux Klan used violence to
 
Intimidate African Americans and prevent voting
 
Promote women’s suffrage
 
Help freedmen start businesses
 
Defend civil rights in the North
Poll taxes and literacy tests were used to
 
Restrict African American voting rights
 
Promote education for freedmen
 
Increase political participation
 
Fund public school systems
The Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
 
Upheld the constitutionality of “separate but equal”
 
Abolished poll taxes
 
Protected voting rights in the North
 
Outlawed the Ku Klux Klan
Jim Crow laws were designed to
 
Enforce racial segregation in the South
 
Guarantee African Americans voting rights
 
Encourage Black land ownership
 
Increase access to higher education
A major failure of Reconstruction was
 
The inability to protect African American rights long-term
 
The end of industrial growth
 
The economic collapse of the North
 
The abolishment of Congress
One success of Reconstruction was
 
The passage of constitutional amendments
 
The return of slavery in the border states
 
The reduction of immigration
 
The immediate end to racial violence
During Reconstruction, Scalawags were
 
White Southerners who supported Reconstruction
 
Northern Republicans who opposed Lincoln
 
Southern Democrats who supported the Confederacy
 
Former enslaved people who owned land
During Reconstruction, Carpetbaggers were
 
Northerners who moved South
 
Freedmen elected to office
 
Confederate soldiers who fled to Mexico
 
Union generals in the South
The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 required Southern states to
 
Ratify the 14th Amendment and protect voting rights
 
Divide their land among freedmen
 
End tariffs with the North
 
Eliminate federal laws
President Andrew Johnson was impeached because
 
He clashed with Radical Republicans over Reconstruction
 
He declared war on Congress
 
He banned southern states from voting
 
He signed the Emancipation Proclamation
Sharecropping developed in the South after the Civil War as a
 
System that kept African Americans in economic dependence
 
Government-run farming program
 
Way to redistribute land to freedmen
 
Method to increase industrial jobs
What was the purpose of Black Codes?
 
To limit the rights of newly freed African Americans
 
To regulate trade with the North
 
To establish voting requirements for women
 
To provide new schools for freedmen
The Freedmen’s Bureau was created to
 
Assist formerly enslaved people with education and housing
 
Enforce new tax laws
 
Deport Confederate leaders
 
Prevent African Americans from voting
One result of the Radical Reconstruction plan was
 
The division of the South into military districts
 
The full pardon of Confederate leaders
 
A complete end to racism
 
Equal economic opportunity nationwide
Radical Republicans in Congress believed
 
The South should be punished and freedmen protected
 
The South should quickly regain voting rights
 
African Americans should return to Africa
 
Lincoln’s approach was too strict
What was Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction known for?
 
Its goal to reunify the country quickly and with leniency
 
Harsh punishment of former Confederate leaders
 
Redistributing land to freedmen
 
Removing Southern states from Congress
The 15th Amendment focused on
 
Voting rights for African American men
 
Ending poll taxes
 
Equal pay for women
 
Reconstruction of railroads
The 14th Amendment guaranteed
 
Citizenship and equal protection under the law
 
The right to bear arms
 
States’ rights to nullify laws
 
Voting rights for all men
The 13th Amendment
 
Abolished slavery
 
Gave voting rights to women
 
Protected states’ rights
 
Created Jim Crow laws
What was the outcome of the Civil War?
 
The Union was preserved and slavery was abolished
 
The Confederacy won independence
 
The U.S. split into three regions
 
European nations joined the conflict
General Ulysses S. Grant is best known for
 
Accepting Lee’s surrender at Appomattox Court House
 
Leading the Confederate Army
 
Drafting the Missouri Compromise
 
Arguing against abolition
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address emphasized
 
The importance of liberty and preserving democracy
 
The need to punish the South
 
The success of the Reconstruction Acts
 
A new alliance with France
The Battle of Gettysburg was important because it
 
Marked a turning point in favor of the Union
 
Began the Civil War
 
Secured independence for the Confederacy
 
Ended slavery in the North
The Emancipation Proclamation declared freedom for
 
Enslaved people in Confederate-held territory
 
All enslaved people in the U.S.
 
Enslaved people in border states
 
Free African Americans in the North
What was significant about the Battle of Antietam?
 
Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation
 
It ended the Civil War
 
It led to the creation of the Confederate States
 
It resulted in the death of President Lincoln
The Union’s Anaconda Plan involved
 
Blockading Southern ports and controlling the Mississippi
 
Negotiating with the Confederacy
 
Invading Canada for support
 
Attacking northern cities
The primary goal of President Lincoln at the start of the Civil War was to
 
Preserve the Union
 
End all slavery immediately
 
Expand westward
 
Support European neutrality
Which state was the first to secede from the Union?
 
South Carolina
 
Virginia
 
Mississippi
 
Texas
A major cause of the Civil War was
 
Sectional differences over slavery and states’ rights
 
Increased immigration from Europe
 
The failure of western expansion
 
Foreign alliances with Britain and France
What event directly led to the start of the Civil War?
 
The Confederate attack on Fort Sumter
 
The signing of the Emancipation Proclamation
 
The creation of the Missouri Compromise
 
The election of Andrew Johnson