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What parts of a plant can make new plants?
stems, roots, or seeds
A brightly colored part of a flower used to attract bees and other insects
A petal
What is the job of a seed coat?
It protects the material inside the seed
The stage of the life cycle where a young plant becomes an adult plant is called what?
Growth
What type of tree is a Christmas tree?
Usually a fir tree (but also spruce or pine), all types of conifer trees
The process plants and other living things go through where they grow, change, make new things, and die is called what?
The life cycle
Besides pine cones, what other kind of cones to conifers make?
Pollen cones
What is a seed leaf?
A leaf like object inside a seed that helps feed a new seed when it first starts growing.
What do you see in the picture? Describe it.
Pine cone. An egg shaped object that holds conifer seeds
When a plant first begins to grow out of a seed, what is that called?
Germination
What is a seed?
A small round or oval object that grows a new plant
What does it mean for a plant to reproduce?
The plant makes more of the same kind of plant.
What kind of roots are more stringy and spread out?
Fibrous roots
What kind of plant of conifers usually?
Pine trees
A large root growing down from the center of a plant is called what?
A tap root
Things used by a plant for energy, growth, and repair are called what?
Nutrients
What kind of plant do you see in the picture? Describe it.
A cactus. Cactuses grow in hot and dry places, have thick waxy stems, needles, and sometimes flowers
The part of the plant helps move nutrients up to the leaves, flowers, and fruits
The stem
This part of the plant takes in nutrients and helps keep the plant stable
The roots
Pollen being moved between male and female plants is called what?
Pollination
What is a mudflow?
The quick movement of very wet soil
What is soil? What is it made of?
It is the dirt on the ground. Soil is made up of tiny pieces of rock, air, water, and humus.
Give an example of a rapid change to Earth's surface.
earthquake, volcano, tsunami, landslide, etc
Give an example of a slow change to Earth's surface
weathering, erosion, deposition
List the stages of the water cycle
storage, evaporation, condensation, preciptation
How are weathering and erosion different?
Weathering is a material breaking into smaller pieces, erosion is those pieces being carried away
What is humus?
Broken down plant matter that has become pat of the soil
What do we call it when weathered material gets carried away and then left somewhere else?
Deposition
Name something that can cause weathering and explain how it causes weathering.
Water, ice, wind, plants, etc + explanation
What is erosion?
It is materials that have been broken off something, getting carried away.
What is weathering?
A process that breaks off small pieces of rock or other materials
What is the name for the bowl shaped area in the top of a volcano?
A crater
What is a line in The Earth's crust where earthquakes often?
A fault line
What happens to magma or lava when it cools?
It turns into rock
What is the second layer of The Earth called. The layer below the crust.
The mantle
What is the name of the top layer of The Earth?
The crust
Name at least 4 landforms
What is an earthquake?
A shaking of The Earth that results from the rapid movement of the pieces of Earth's crust (called plates)
What is magma?
Melted rock below the surface of The Earth
What is lava?
Lava is melted rock above the surface of The Earth
What is a landslide?
A mass of dirt and rocks rapidly moving down a slope
Describe a volcano
A mountain through which magma from inside the earth can escape
What is a landform?
A solid feature of Earth's surface. Things like mountains, hills, valleys, etc
Describe precipitation
Water falling from the atmosphere to The Earth in any form such rain, sleet, hail or snow
A change from a gas to a liquid is called what?
Condensation
Describe evaporation
A change of water from liquid to gas form (water vapor)
Describe the storage phase of the water cycle?
It is when water is "stored" in bodies of water such as lakes, oceans, etc.
What is hail?
A kind of precipitation that are balls of ice
What is the water cycle?
The movement of Earth's water from the surface to the atmosphere and back again
How much of Earth is cover by water?
Almost 3/4 (about 71%)
What does "inert" mean?
It doesn't have the ability to make you sick or it is inactive
A sign that you are sick is called what?
A symptom
Name a noninfectious disease
Name an infectious disease
What is meant if we call a disease "chronic"?
That it lasts for a very long time or keeps coming back after it's gone
What is one of the best ways to keep from getting sick?
Washing your hands
A special molecule in your blood that helps fight viruses are called what?
An antibody
What is a a vaccine?
A weakened or inert form of a virus injected into your body. It helps your body prepare to fight that virus later if you catch it
A type of medicine that helps fight and kill bacteria in your body that are making you sick are called what?
Antibiotics
How can infectious diseases spread?
From one person to another, from infected food and drink, from infected objects, or from infected animals
What is type 2 diabetes?
It is a type of diabetes you get from eating too much sugar and being unhealthy
Are you born with type 1 diabetes or do you get it from eating too much sugar and being unhealthy?
You are born with it
Is the plague an infectious or noninfectious disease?
infectious
Is an allergy an infectious or nonifectious disease?
noninfectious
What is your immune system?
a system in your body that fights against disease
What is a fungi?
A microorganism such as a mold or yeast that can infect moist and dark parts of your body like your armpits or your feet.
What is a parasite.
It is a living that lives in or on another living thing. A parasite either feeds off your body or takes resources you need
Describe a virus
A virus is the smallest of the pathogens. It is non-living. It does not attack your body directly but attacks the cells in your body
Describe a bacteria
a one-celled organism. It attacks the cells in our body directly or creates toxins that attacks your cells directly
Which of the pathogens is non-living?
A virus
What are the 4 types of pathogens?
A bacteria, a virus, a fungi, and a parasite
What is a pathogen?
An organism that causes a disease
A disease that comes from your body working in an abormal way
A noninfectious disease
A disease that you get from a pathogen. It passes from one person to another.
An infectious disease
What happens every time energy changes forms?
It gives off some heat
What always happens when energy changes?
Some energy is given off as heat.
What is thermal energy?
Thermal energy is heat that comes from the movement of particles
What is matter?
It makes up the world we live in. It is made of particles.
What is a particle?
A tiny object that the world we live in is made of
Give an example of energy changing
answers vary
How do we make energy?
We cannot make energy. Energy cannot be created or destroyed. I can be moved from one thing to another or changed from one kind to another.
What is kinetic energy?
Energy from something that is moving
What is potential energy from shape?
Energy stored in and object like a pushed together (compressed) spiring or a stretched out rubber band
What is potential energy from position?
Something above the ground
What is sound energy?
A kind of moving energy that travels through a medium and carries noise
What is potential energy?
It is stored energy that comes from position or shape
What is mechanical energy?
It is the energy that shape or position gives to a thing. It is potential energy + kinetic energy
What is heat?
It is the transfer of energy from warmer to cooler things
What is light energy?
It is energy that we can see
Name 3 things that use electrical energy.
Answers vary
What is electrical energy?
It is the energy of electrical charges. It can be used to power things
Name some things energy from the sun does
Causes wind to blow, plants to grow, makes Earth a place we can live, helps the water cycle
What is a force?
A push or a pull.
What is work?
When a force moves in object in the same direction as the force.
What is energy?
The ability to do work or cause change
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