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Chapter 9, part 3
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Why does violet bend more than red in a prism?
Because it slows down more due to higher frequency.
How does a prism split white light?
By refracting each color by a different amount.
What do we call the splitting of white light into colors?
Dispersion.
Why do swimming pools look shallower than they really are?
Because of refraction of light at the water surface.
What is apparent depth?
The depth at which an object appears to be when viewed through a denser medium.
What happens to light when it enters a less dense medium?
It speeds up and bends away from the normal.
What happens to light when it enters a denser medium?
It slows down and bends towards the normal.
What is the normal?
A line drawn at 90° to the surface where light enters.
What is the ray called after it bends?
Refracted ray.
What is the name of the ray that strikes the surface?
Incident ray.
What causes light to bend during refraction?
A change in the density of the medium/ the speed of the light changes.
Why does a pencil look bent in a glass of water?
Because of refraction at the water surface.
What is refraction?
The bending of light when it passes from one medium to another.
Which type of mirror reflects light without changing the size of the image?
 
Plane mirror
 
Concave mirror
 
Convex mirror
 
Curved mirror
Which type of mirror is used in car side mirrors for a wider view?
 
Convex mirror
 
Plane mirror
 
Concave mirror
 
Flat mirror
Which mirror may form an image larger than the object when the object is close?
 
Concave mirror
 
Convex mirror
 
Plane mirror
 
Transparent mirror
Which mirror always forms an image smaller than the object?
 
Convex mirror
 
Concave mirror
 
Plane mirror
 
Flat glass
What type of image does a plane mirror form?
 
Virtual and same size
 
Real and larger
 
Upside down and smaller
 
Virtual and blurry
How do images in a plane mirror appear?
 
Upright and laterally inverted
 
Upside down and laterally inverted
 
Not inverted at all
 
Blurry and sideways
What does the law of reflection state?
 
angle of incidence equals angle of reflection
 
light always bends
 
light disappears
 
angle of incidence is always 90°
What is the angle between the reflected ray and the normal called?
 
angle of reflection
 
angle of incidence
 
refracted angle
 
real angle
What is the angle between the incident ray and the normal called?
 
angle of incidence
 
angle of reflection
 
lateral inversion
 
upright angle
What do we call the imaginary line drawn perpendicular to a reflective surface?
 
the normal
 
the incident ray
 
the reflected ray
 
the refracted ray
What kind of reflection happens on a rough wall?
irregular reflection.
What kind of reflection happens with a mirror?
regular reflection.
What is irregular reflection?
when light scatters in many directions from a rough surface.
What is regular reflection?
when light reflects evenly off a smooth surface.
Why does the moon appear red during a lunar eclipse?
Earth's atmosphere bends red light toward it.
What causes a lunar eclipse?
Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon.
What does waning mean?
the moon is getting smaller.
What does waxing mean?
the moon is getting bigger.
What is the position of the moon during a new moon?
when the moon is between Earth and the Sun.
What causes the phases of the moon?
the moon’s position relative to Earth and the Sun.
Why does a transparent object form no shadow?
it lets all the light through.
What are transparent objects?
objects that let all light pass through.
What are translucent objects?
objects that let some light pass through.
What are opaque objects?
objects that do not let light pass through.
What is refraction?
when light bends as it passes through a different medium.
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