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The ability of an organism to regrow its body parts.
Regeneration
A form of asexual reproduction where a new organism grows from a part of the parent organism.
Budding
A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms where the cell divides into two identical cells.
Binary fission
A genetic change that does not significantly affect an organism's survival or reproduction.
Neutral mutation
A genetic change that decreases an organism's chances of survival or reproduction.
Harmful mutation
A genetic change that improves an organism's chances of survival or reproduction.
Beneficial mutation
A change in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome.
Mutation
Differences in the genetic makeup among individuals of the same species.
Genetic variation
The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.
Crossing over
Pairs of chromosomes that carry genes for the same traits.
Homologous chromosomes
A cell or organism with two sets of chromosomes (2n).
Diploid
A cell or organism with a single set of chromosomes (n).
Haploid
A cell produced by the division of a parent cell.
Daughter cell
The process of cell division that produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes.
Meiosis
The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells.
Mitosis
The cell formed when two gametes fuse during fertilization.
Zygote
A reproductive cell (egg or sperm) that contains half the genetic information of the parent.
Gamete
A type of reproduction involving only one parent, resulting in genetically identical offspring.
Asexual reproduction
A type of reproduction involving two parents and the fusion of gametes.
Sexual reproduction
A large molecule that performs various functions in the body and is coded for by genes.
Protein
A characteristic or feature of an organism.
Trait
The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
Heredity
A segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait or protein.
Gene
A structure in the cell nucleus that contains DNA and genes.
Chromosome
The genetic material that carries instructions for an organism's development and functioning.
DNA