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Pulleys and Gears
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What tool is used to measure the effort force in a pulley system?
Spring scale
True/False: Gear beside each other in a gear train move in the same direction
False - gears move in the opposite direction
What can gears do? (What is their purpose?)
They can change the speed and direction of motion. Also - they make work easier
If the first gear has 8 teeth and the second gear 16 teeth, how many times does the smaller gear turn for every 1 turn the larger gear rotates?
twice (2 times)
If there are 10 gears in a gear train and the first gear is turning counter clockwise, tell me 2 things you know about the other gears
all the odd numbered gears are turning clockwise, the even numbered gears are turning counter clockwise
If the first gear in a gear train is turning clockwise, what direction is the second gear?
counter clockwise
What is a gear train?
A group of two or more gears working together
What is a worm gear?
Gears in which an axle or shaft has a screw thread that connects with another gear
What is a rack and pinion?
A gear system in which a single gear meets with a toothed rack
What are bevel gears?
Gears that meet at an angle
What are spur gears?
Gears that meet on a flat or horizontal surface
What is a gear?
A wheel with teeth around it that interlocks with the teeth of other gears
Name 5 things we see in our lives that use pulleys
clothesline, blinds, flagpoles, cranes, old water wells, window washers
What material is makes the best pulleys and gears? Give 2 reasons why.
Metal - smooth, strong, durable, reduces friction, lasts long, doesn't break
What is the purpose of a pulley?
To make work easier.
What force is caused by objects rubbing together?
friction
What units are used to measure force?
Newtons (N)
What are the disadvantages of a combined pulley?
none
What are the benefits of a combined pulley?
it changes the direction of the effort force (you pull down) AND it reduces the effort force
What is a combined or compound pulley?
It is a combination of fixed and movable pulleys
What is the disadvantage of a movable pulley?
You have to pull up
What is the benefit of a movable pulley?
It makes lifting the load easier - it uses half of the effort force
What is the disadvantage of a fixed pulley?
The effort force is the same - it doesn't decrease the effort force.
What is the benefit of a fixed pulley?
It changes the direction of the effort force - you pull down which is easier
What is a pulley?
A grooved wheel, with a rope, chain or belt that passes around it.