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What must happen to the DNA before a cell can divide? Why is this important?
DNA replication - all daughter cells need an exact copy of the DNA so they can do their specific jobs
What does metastasis mean?
Has traveled to other areas of the body
What does malignant mean?
cancerous
What does benign mean?
noncancerous
What is a disadvantage and advantage of sexual reproduction?
d - take awhile, have to find a mate, a - genetic diversity
What is an advantage and disadvantage of asexual reproduction?
a- quick, d- no genetic diversity
Look at the board. In cell B, how many chromosomes? homologous pairs? sister chromatids? replicated? haploid or diploid?
On board
How do mitosis and meiosis differ in the number of cell divisions?
1 vs. 2
How do mitosis and meiosis differ in cells produced? (different or identical)?
identical vs. different
How do mitosis and meiosis differ in cells produced? (haploid/diploid)?
diploid vs. haploid
How do mitosis and meiosis differ in the number of cells produced?
2 vs. 4
How do mitosis and meiosis differ in functions?
grow, develop vs. reproduction
If a lion has 18 chromosomes in its ___ cells, then it means that it has 36 chromosomes in its body cells.
gametes or sex cells
An elephant's somatic cells have 22 chromosomes, so that means its sex cells have ___ chromosomes.
11
A hummingbird has 16 chromosomes in each body cell. How many chromosomes would be found in its daughter cells after mitosis?
16
An apple has 12 chromosomes in its somatic cells. How many chromosomes would be found in its daughter cells after meiosis?
6
What provides new genetic combinations in meiosis?
Crossing over, independent assortment, or segregation of gametes
What is a sister chromatid?
1/2 of a duplicated chromosome
When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?
Prophase
If an organisms diploid number is 10. What is their haploid number?
5
What types of cells undergo meiosis?
Gametes
What types of cells undergo mitosis?
Body cells
What is formed at the end of mitosis?
2 gentically identical cells
What is formed at the end of meiosis?
4 gentically different cells
What is cancer?
Cell division out of control
When is the cell not dividing in the cell cycle?
During interphase
What are the phases of mitosis? (in the correct order)
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
In asexual reproduction, how many parents are there?
1
What happens in anaphase (1 and 2)
Chromosomes or chromatids are pulled apart
What are the names of the two types of gametes?
egg cells (ova) and sperm cells
At the end of meiosis, are the two cells haploid or diploid?
diploid
In what phase of meiosis does crossing over happen?
prophase
Through crossing over, _________ are shuffled in new combinations
genes
Fertilization is when two germ cells _______, creating a new individual
fuse
What is the male sex chromosome called?
Y
How many gametes are produced from one germ cell during meiosis?
4
What is the name of the of the process that allows for genetic variation?
crossing over
What is the name of the cell that is created by the fusion of an egg cell and a sperm cell?
cygote
Somatic cells are diploid, gametes are .....
haploid
How many chromosomes do humans have?
46
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