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Interwar Period and World War II
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Who adopted a military policy based on rearmament and rejected the Treaty of Versailles?
Hitler
What were the Nuremberg Laws?
A set of laws that transformed the definition of Jewish identity from religious to racial, stripped rights and paved the way for the Holocaust.
Define anti-semitism:
a certain perception/expression of the hatred toward Jews
Nazis used _____ to control the population.
terror
The beginning of Hitler's dictatorship known as the.....
Third Reich
Hitler was named Chancellor in.... (what month and year)
January of 1933
Who became the leader of the NSDAP in 1921?
Hitler
Who led a failed coup d’etat (called Beer Hall Putsch)?
Hitler
Who wrote Mein Kampf?
Hitler
What does NSDAP stand for?
National Socialist German Worker's Party
Causes of Nazism in Germany? (3)
Humiliation of the Treaty of Versailles, Weimar Republic, Post-war situation
March on Rome was organized by Mussolini in what year?
1922
Who founded the National Fascist Party in 1921?
Benito Mussolini
Causes of Fascist Italy? (3)
Paris peace treaties, economic crisis, and traditional parties were ineffective
Who held the power in a totalitarian political system?
Power was concentrated in the hands of the state, existence of a charismatic leader who demanded blind obedience
During the interwar period, different countries adopted different regimes: who adopted Totalitarian regimes? (name one)
USSR, Germany, Italy, etc
During the interwar period, different countries adopted different regimes: who adopted Authoritarian regimes? (name one)
Spain, Portugal, etc
During the interwar period, different countries adopted different regimes: who adopted Democracy? (name 1)
France, Great Britain, etc
Best example of State Intervention:
Roosevelt's New Deal
An Autarchy meant:
promoting economic self-sufficiency
The main consequences of The Great Depression were related to.... (4)
Economic, demographic, social, and political
From 1930 to 1932, a crisis spread to the rest of the world called...
The Great Depression
October 24, 1929 (Black Thursday).. what happened and who did it harm?
Wall street crashed then companies and investors went bankrupt.
In 1929, USA experienced a severe economic crisis caused by.. (two things)
Excess of production in relation to consumption and stock market speculation
A period of great economic prosperity, known as...
The Roaring Twenties
What are the 4 causes of The Depression?
Overproduction, less demand from Europe, speculation, European debts
What type of plans established the USSR's goals?
5-years plans
Stalin imposed a totalitarian political system based on? (two things)
Terror and the cult of personality
Years of Stalin's dictatorship?
1929-1953
Who got the power after Lenin died in 1924?
Stalin
NEP stands for?
New Economic Policy
USSR stands for?
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Industries were concentrated in what big cities in Russia?
St. Petersburg and Moscow
From 1904-1905, there was conflict between ____ and ____ over territorial expansion in East Asia.
Russia and Japan
What year was the first Bloody Sunday?
1905
What was the Tsar?
the ruler of Russia
A regime where the tsar held all the power
Autocratic regime
Define The Bolsheviks
they were the radical majority who believed that Russia was prepared for a proletariat dictatorship
Who was the leader of the Bolsheviks?
Lenin
Define The Mensheviks
the moderate minority who believed that Russia was not prepared for a proletariat revolution
What two factions was the Socialist Worker's Party divided into?
The Mensheviks and The Bolsheviks
What political party appeared that was divided into two factions?
The Socialist Worker's Party
What is the difference between authoritarianism and democracy?
Democracy: leaders are chosen by the people by free and fair elections/ Authoritarianism: leader seizes power, dictator holds full power.
What is an economic crisis?
A situation where the value of assets drop rapidly and is often triggered by a panic or a run on banks.
Which country was blamed for the war?
Germany
What was the name of the peace agreement that established conditions for the defeated countries?
The Treaty of Versailles
Which side won WWI
The Allies