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Period 5 Test Review #2
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How did the Civil War impact federal power?
It strengthened federal authority over states, particularly in issues of secession and civil rights.
What was the significance of Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address?
He called for reconciliation and healing after the war, emphasizing “malice toward none.”
What role did women play during the Civil War?
They served as nurses, took over businesses and farms, and supported war efforts on both sides.
Why was the Union victory at Vicksburg significant?
It gave the Union control of the Mississippi River, splitting the Confederacy in two.
What was the purpose of the Morrill Land-Grant Act?
To provide federal land for the establishment of colleges specializing in agriculture and mechanics.
What did the Homestead Act of 1862 do?
It granted 160 acres of free land to settlers willing to farm and improve it for five years.
What were the effects of the Civil War on the Southern economy?
The war devastated the South’s economy, destroyed infrastructure, and ended slavery as an institution.
What was the purpose of the 13th Amendment?
To abolish slavery in the United States.
What role did African Americans play in the Civil War?
They served in the Union Army after the Emancipation Proclamation and contributed to the abolitionist cause.
What were the key points of the Confederate strategy during the Civil War?
To defend Southern territory, gain international recognition, and outlast the Union’s will to fight.
What did the Gettysburg Address emphasize?
National unity, the sacrifice of soldiers, and the principles of equality and democracy.
What was the significance of the Battle of Gettysburg?
It was a turning point in the Civil War, stopping Confederate advances into the North.
What was the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation?
To free slaves in Confederate-held territories and shift the Union's focus to ending slavery.
What were the major advantages of the Union during the Civil War?
The Union had greater industrial capacity, a larger population, and better transportation infrastructure.
Why was the Election of 1860 significant?
Abraham Lincoln’s election prompted Southern states to secede, fearing he would end slavery.
What was the significance of John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry?
It increased tensions between North and South as he attempted to start a slave rebellion.
What was the Dred Scott decision?
The Supreme Court ruled that enslaved persons were property, not citizens, and that Congress could not regulate slavery in territories.
What was the impact of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
It repealed the Missouri Compromise, allowed popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska, and led to violence in "Bleeding Kansas."
What was the significance of the Compromise of 1850?
It strengthened the Fugitive Slave Act and allowed California to enter as a free state.
What was the primary purpose of the Wilmot Proviso?
To ban slavery in territories acquired from Mexico.
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