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8th Grade Science Unit 4
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How does buffelgrass affect native plants in the Sonoran Desert?
It competes for water and nutrients, threatening the survival of native species.
What is an invasive species?
A species introduced to an ecosystem where it does not naturally belong, like buffelgrass in Arizona.
Why is it difficult to eradicate introduced species?
They adapt to the new environment and often have no natural predators.
What happened to New Zealand's native birds when rats were introduced?
Rats ate their eggs and young, leading to population declines.
What is a native species?
A species that naturally occurs in a specific region without human intervention.
What ecosystem provides a habitat for frogs and dragonflies to breed?
Rice paddies.
Why do rice paddies heat up quickly during the day?
The shallow water absorbs heat from the sun.
How do Arctic algae contribute to the sea ice ecosystem?
They grow under ice floes and are consumed by shrimp-like organisms.
What do mudskippers feed on in mangrove ecosystems?
They feed on whatever they can find on the mud when the tide is out.
What are mangroves?
Trees that grow with their roots in seawater, forming coastal forests in tropical areas.
What is the study of ecosystems called?
Ecology.
How do plants help animals in the desert?
They provide shelter and nesting sites.
Give one example of a non-feeding interaction in the Sonoran Desert.
Plant roots hold soil together, preventing erosion during rain.
Why are food webs important in an ecosystem?
They show how energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers.
What is an ecosystem?
A network of interactions between living and non-living things in an environment.
What role does air play in the desert ecosystem?
It provides carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and oxygen for respiration.
What happens to kangaroo rat droppings?
They become part of the soil, enriching it.
How does desert soil help plants survive?
It retains moisture and provides essential minerals.
What do nocturnal animals in the desert avoid?
They avoid overheating and dehydration by being active at night.
Why is sunlight important in the Sonoran Desert?
It allows plants to photosynthesize, producing food for herbivores.
What is one example of interdependence in the desert ecosystem?
Bats pollinate agave plants while feeding on nectar.
How do ants contribute to the desert ecosystem?
They collect seeds, some of which germinate into new plants.
What transformation happens after heavy rains in the Sonoran Desert?
Plants bloom quickly, producing flowers that attract insects for pollination.
Why do kangaroo rats come out at night?
To feed while avoiding predators and the daytime heat.
What do lizards and tortoises do during hot desert days?
They seek shade or burrow into the soil to avoid the heat.
What adaptations do plants and animals in the Sonoran Desert share?
They have developed ways to conserve water and protect themselves from harsh conditions.
What is the interaction purpose between the Teddy Bear Cholla and the Cactus Wren?
Protection
What is the role of the Gila woodpecker in the desert ecosystem?
It creates nests by making holes in saguaro cacti, which are later used by other birds.
How do saguaro cacti survive long periods without water?
Their roots spread out just beneath the soil's surface to absorb rainwater.
What are saguaro cacti?
They are tall plants that grow slowly and are commonly found in the Sonoran Desert.
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