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Final Phonics Review
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Once phonological awareness has developed in any language, it transfers to other languages that are learned
 
True
 
False
Literacy in a student's native language is NOT beneficial to the learner.
 
False
 
True
What does the acronym BICS stand for?
Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills
This approach to phonics includes multiple practice, practice blending (tap it, map it, graph it) and learning to transform letters into sounds.
 
synthetic
 
analytic
 
analogy
 
embedded
Method of instruction teaching the relationship between graphemes and phonemes
 
phonics
 
phonemic awareness
 
phonological awareness
 
concepts of print
Which of the following is not a component of the 4 part processing system?
 
physical
 
orthographic
 
context
 
meaning
Why is it important to use multisensory strategies when working on phonological awareness?
Answers may vary, it activates the 4 part processor in the brain, stimulates total physical response.
Which of the following tasks at the phoneme level would be the most advanced?
 
substitution
 
isolation
 
identity
 
blending
________ _________ build phonological awareness skills by segmenting words into individual sounds, or phonemes.
 
Elkonin boxes
 
rhyming games
 
word sorts
The Alphabetic Layer of English Orthography represents the letter/sound relationship.
 
TRUE
 
FALSE
The umbrella term for many parts of spoken language.
phonological awareness
Which of the following does not contain a silent consonant?
 
Grape
 
Knot
 
Doubt
 
Thigh
How many times per year are students in kindergarten assessed in print awareness?
 
3
 
4
 
2
 
1
All of the following tasks are associated with Print Awareness EXCEPT
 
Orally segmenting a compound word into two smaller words
 
Identify words, by looking at letters, which represent sound
 
Using words, images, context and graphics to make meaning.
 
Reading left to right, top to bottom (in English).
When you say the name of the letters j and k, which phoneme do both contain?
/a/ long
Using letter knowledge, which letter looks similar to the letter b.
 
p
 
c
 
e
 
t
Teaching 1 letter a week is a successful phonics strategy.
 
False
 
True
The ability to hear and manipulate individual sounds in spoken words
 
phonemic awareness
 
phonics
 
phonological awareness
 
grapheme awareness
Which of the following is a consonant digraph?
 
ch
 
bl
 
dr
 
gl
Scope in lesson planning refers to
 
The amount of content an educator should teach
 
The oder in which to teach the content
 
The difficulty level of the content an educator should teach
In the Automatic Phase of Ehri's Phases of Word Recognition Development, readers can focus on meaning of text because they can read fluently.
 
True
 
False
In Ehri's Phases of Word Recognition Development, Full Alphabetic is the 4th level of development.
 
False
 
True
Phonics instruction should be
 
All of the above
 
explicit
 
sequential
 
systematic
The order of phonological awareness skills by developmental level is
 
word, syllable, intrasyllable, phoneme
 
phoneme, syllable, intrasyllable, word
 
phoneme, word, syllable, intrasyllable
 
syllable, intrasyllable, word, phoneme
How can a teacher promote print awareness in the classroom?
label objects, read together often, encourage students to look for environmental print
How many phonemes are in the word "fax"?
4
What is the vowel phoneme for "beat"
/e/ long
True or false, the terms phonological awareness and phonics are interchangeable?
False
Understanding the relationship between phonemes and graphemes is what component of phonological awareness?
phonics
The umbrella term for many parts of spoken language.
phonological awareness
Consonant digraphs are when
 
2 or more consonants make one new sound together
 
2 or more consonants, each representing a phoneme
 
2 or more consonants, 1 makes a sound and other is silent.
 
1 letter that represents 1 phoneme
Print awareness is closely related to ____________________.
word awareness.
Understanding the difference between the front and back cover of a book are examples of
 
Book Conventions
 
Read aloud strategies
 
letter knowledge
 
word awareness
Printed words are separated by spaces called
 
word boundaries
 
book conventions
 
concepts of print
 
Letter knowledge
True or False, Letters with similar upper case and lower case letters are more difficult to learn.
False
True or False, Letter shapes that are visually similar are easily confused.
True
What is one letter that the name of the letter begins with the sound the letter stands for?
b, d, j, k, p, t, v, z, c, g
Why is letter name knowledge important
It is one of the best predictors of future reading success.
A syllabe has two parts. What are they?
onset-rime
What sound does the vowel make in the word "harp" and why does it make that sound?
/ar/ r controlled
This letter of the alphabet has many jobs. Name the letter and one job?
e - answer varies
What is a trick you can use to find the stress in a multi-syllable word?
Call the dog
This syllable has the most emphasis and its vowel is clearly pronounced
 
stressed syllable
 
unstressed syllable
 
secondary syllable
What is the best solution to the problem reading failure?
early intervention, prevention with systematic, sequential, explicit instruction
A student that struggles to connect letters to their sounds has a weakness in what reading strand?
 
decoding
 
verbal reasoning
 
phonological awareness
 
language structure
A character representing one of more of the sounds used in speech or writing to develop words.
 
letter
 
phoneme
 
morpheme
 
affix
What is an example of a stop sound?
/b//p/ /d/ /g/ /g/ /j/ /k/ /t/
T or F Schwa can be found at the beginning, middle, or end of a word
 
True
 
False
T or F Every syllable has at lest one vowel
 
True
 
False
Scarborough's Reading Rope identifies what 2 main components that are needed to produces skilled reading?
 
word recognition and language comprehension
 
decoding and reading comprehension
 
word pronunciation and word meanings
The grapheme k in knowing is an example of a...?
 
silent consonant
 
consonant blend
 
schwa
 
diphthong
What is the smallest unit of language that has meaning?
 
morpheme
 
phoneme
 
grapheme
How do you pronounce this phoneme /oi/ ?
Similar to end of boy
What is a written representation of a sound?
 
Grapheme
 
phoneme
 
morpheme
How does reading change as students move from lower elementary to upper elementary?
Transition from "learning to read" to "reading to learn"
Poor readers underuse this area of the brain
occipital lobe,cerebellum, back are of brain
During brain imaging, skilled readers show the highest level of activation in what are of the brain?
 
occipito-temporal
 
parieto-temporal
 
cerebellum
 
Broca's area
Which hemisphere of the brain is associated with speech, language processing, and reading?
Left
What is the saying to help you remember what to do when reading a word with vowel digraphs?
When two vowels go walking, the first one does the talking (most of the time)
Tell me an example of a long vowel sound
varies
What is it called when two consonants appear together in a word, but each retain its own sound?
consonant blend
Which of the following is not a consonant digraph?
 
bl
 
ph
 
ch
 
ck
What is a grapheme?
Written representation of 1 sound, (or a letter)
Which letter makes the schwa sound in alike?
a
True or false, schwa is found in a stressed vowel sound?
false, schwa is unstressed, or lazy
What is the most common vowel sound?
schwa
Which of the following is a diphthong?
 
/oi/
 
/aw/
 
/u/
 
/oo/
Which of these words creates muscular tension in the jaw when pronounced?
 
keen
 
kit
 
caught
 
cook
Vowels are classified by what?
place of articulation, tongue position, and lip position
What is a vowel?
Class of open, unobstructed speech sounds that are NOT consonants
What is a phoneme that is made with your tongue between your teeth?
/th/ /TH/
Give me 2 examples of continuous sounds.
/f/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /r/, /s/, /v/, /w/, /y/, /z/
Which of these sounds is unvoiced?
 
/p/
 
/z/
 
/v/
 
/b/
What is the name of the type of sound production where the airflow is stopped, and then released?
 
Afficates
 
glides
 
liquid
 
stops
In terms of sound production (manner of articulation) explain what happens during a fricative sound?
air is forced through a narrow space, creating friction
In terms of sound production (manner of articulation) explain what happens during a nasal sound?
air is forced through the nasal cavity; mouth is closed
The following sounds are bilabial (made with the lips closed) except which one?
 
/v/
 
/m/
 
/b/
 
/p/
There are 26 letters in the English Alphabet, but approximately how many phonemes?
44
All of the following are components of the word recognition strand of Scarborough's reading rope except...
 
background knowledge
 
decoding
 
phonological awareness
 
sight recognition
Reading instruction should be __________, _______________, and _______________.
Explicit, systematic, and sequential.
Why are the "science of reading" and brain research important to reading comprehension?
Answer may vary
What are the components of the simple view of reading?
Reading comprehension is the product of word recognition and language comprehension.
True or False? Recent research has shown that a majority of 3rd & 4th graders are at or above a basic reading level?
False, 64% are actually below basic
What is a phoneme?
smallest unit of spoken language that makes a difference in a word's meaning
Which of the following is a sign of dyslexia?
 
A fifth grade student reversing letters.
 
A first grade student reversing letters.
 
A kindergarten student reversing letters.
What percentage of the population has dyslexia?
 
about 20%
 
About 10%
 
About 30%
 
About 5%
Which of the following is a vocabualary strategy to support ELLs?
 
Use realia whenever possible.
 
Explain some letters may make the same or similar sounds
 
Use sound walls to teach phonemes.
 
Use literal, interpretive, and applied level ?'s from text
What is a cognate (think ELL, not phoneme) and why does it matter?
Cognates are words in different languages that are derived from the same original word or root.
What is a phonemic awareness challenge an ELL may have?
 
They may not be able to "hear" or produce a new sound
 
Some English letters may not be present in their Native lang
 
False cognates can be confusing.
 
They may have basic limited vocabulary.
What are the 5 pillars of reading according to the National Reading Panel
Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, Fluency, Vocabulary, Comprehension
In syllables with R controlled vowels, the vowel typically says its short sound.
 
False
 
True
What is the acronym used to remember the 6 main syllable types?
CLOVER
A single word that cannot be broken down into smaller meaningful words or parts
root word
affixes that come before the root word are known as what?
prefixes
Affixes that follow root words
 
suffixes
 
prefixes
 
morphemes
 
root word
The meaningful parts of words
 
morpheme
 
prefix
 
suffix
 
root word
Give an example of a word that contains a vowel team?
answers may vary
What sound does the letter "e" make in a magic e word?
it is silent
C+ le syllable type is also known as what?
final stable syllable
What is the difference between open and closed syllables?
Open end in long vowel sound, closed ends in consonant sound and vowel is short
Approximately what percentage of text is made up of high frequency words?
 
50%
 
60%
 
70%
 
40%
Phonetically irregular words are words containing letter sounds students do not know yet.
 
True
 
False
Which of the following is an example of an irregular word?
 
what
 
cat
 
thank
 
snap
High Frequency words make up roughly 50% of any text
 
True
 
FALSE
Which word is NOT a multisyllabic word?
 
house
 
body
 
groundhog
 
discovery
Before reading is attempted, a child develops phonological and semantic lexicon through listening and speaking
 
TRUE
 
FALSE
What are words that are read by converting letters to sounds and blending these sounds to form a word?
 
decodable words
 
sight words
 
high-frequency words
 
phonetically irregular words
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