MEGA AS PHILOSOPHY REVISION | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

What is passivity?

Losing control to a more powerful being during a mystical/religious experience.

What is transiency?

Something that only lasts for a short time – mystical/religious experiences being fleeting and hard to remember.

What is a noetic experience?

An experience that is made clear by logical

intellectual thought.

What does “ineffability” mean?

Concepts that cannot be expressed in words – God’s nature is thought to be ineffable.

What is a conversion experience?

An experience which absolutely convinces someone that a greater being exists.

What is a numinous experience?

A feeling of awe and wonder which leads you to believe in the existence of a greater being.

What is an example from the world that is evidence of it being designed?

A bird is perfectly designed to be able to fly.

What is the watch analogy?

If one found a watch on the floor and had never seen one

you would still know it had a designer. This is like the world.

Who is the proponent of the design/teleological argument?

William Paley.

What is the criticism of the ontological argument from Guanilo?

I can imagine a perfect island

but that does not mean that it exists.

What is meant by “greatest possible being”?

The best being that could possibly be in existence

the God of classical theism.

What is the basic premise of the ontological argument?

That God is by definition the greatest possible being

and this means that he must exist.

Who is the proponent of the ontological argument?

Anselm.

What is contingency?

The idea that everything must rely on something else in order to exist.

What is the “first cause” argument?

The idea that everything must have a cause

so the universe must have been caused by God.

Who is the proponent of the cosmological argument?

Thomas Aquinas.

How is the logical problem of evil solved by process thought?

God is not omnipotent

so he cannot stop evil.

Name a scholar who agrees with process thought?

David Griffin/A.N. Whitehead.

What is the role of evil in the “vale of soul-making”?

Evil makes us better people

What is a soul-making theodicy?

The idea that all people are working towards becoming better and evil is instrumental in making people better.

Who put forward the “vale of soul-making”?

John Hick.

What is the “vale of soul-making”?

The world/the place where our souls are made up to the content of God.

Name one weakness of the free will defence?

Weakness: does not explain natural evil.

Name one strength of the free will defence?

Strength: solves the logical problem.

Name 2 scholars that agree with the free will defence?

Richard Swinburne and Alvin Plantinga.

What is the essential premise of the free will defence?

Evil is caused by human free will.

Who does the King in the parable represent?

Jesus/God.

Who wrote the Parable of the King and the Maiden?

Soren Kierkegaard.

What is a theodicy?

A theodicy justifies the existence of God in the face of evil.

What is “the case of Sue” and what does it show?

The case of a 5-year-old girl being raped and murdered by her mother’s boyfriend.

Who advocated the evidential problem of evil?

William Rowe.

What is the Inconsistent Triad?

a set of three statements where logically one must be wrong

Name one scholar who advocated the logical problem of evil?

David Hume/Epicurus/J.L. Mackie.

What is natural evil?

Natural evil is evil not caused by humans but still causes widespread suffering.

What is moral evil?

Moral evil is evil caused by human commission or omission which causes suffering.

Why does evil pose a problem for religious believers?

It questions the characteristics of God (is he all-loving